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Common Names
Fennel
How this plant is used
Food
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LINOLEIC-ACID | 27 | Seed Essent. Oil | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| MAGNESIUM | 65 | Fruit | 1730.0 | 5012.0 | 1.33 | Duke, 1992 * |
| MAGNESIUM | 65 | Seed | 394.0 | 3650.0 | 0.28 | Duke, 1992 * |
| MALIC-ACID | 15 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| MALIC-ACID | 15 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Rizk, A.F.M., The Phytochemistry of the Flora of Qatar, Scientific and Applied Research Centre, University of Qatar, Kingprint, Richmond, UK, 1986. |
| MANGANESE | 14 | Fruit | 24.0 | 721.0 | 4.35 | Duke, 1992 * |
| MANGANESE | 14 | Seed | 0.5 | 4.3 | -0.61 | Duke, 1992 * |
| MARMESIN | 0 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| MARMESIN | 0 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Rizk, A.F.M., The Phytochemistry of the Flora of Qatar, Scientific and Applied Research Centre, University of Qatar, Kingprint, Richmond, UK, 1986. |
| METHIONINE | 15 | Fruit | 3010.0 | 3302.0 | 2.89 | Duke, 1992 * |
| METHIONINE | 15 | Seed | 3010.0 | 3302.0 | -0.26 | USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae) |
| METHYL-CHAVICOL | 6 | Fruit | 70.0 | 4018.0 | 0.66 | Duke, 1992 * |
| METHYL-CHAVICOL | 6 | Plant | not available | 390.0 | -0.94 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| METHYL-CHAVICOL | 6 | Seed | 70.0 | 4018.0 | 1.36 | Duke, 1992 * |
| MIYABENOL-C | 0 | Seed | not available | 5.3 | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| MYRCENE | 22 | Fruit | 100.0 | 2700.0 | 0.04 | Duke, 1992 * |
| MYRCENE | 22 | Seed | 100.0 | 2700.0 | 0.48 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| MYRISTICIN | 31 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| MYRISTICIN | 31 | Root Essent. Oil | not available | 28000.0 | -1.00 | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| MYRISTICIN | 31 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980. |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Occuloirritant | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Odontolytic | 1 | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253. |
| Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | 7 | Hagerman, A.E. Tannin-Protein Interactions. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.19. |
| Osmoregulator | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Osteogenic | 1 | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Oviposition-Stimulant | 2 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Ovulant | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Oxidant | 2 | Larson, R.A. 1987. Review Article Number 30. The Antioxidants of Higher Plants. Phytochemistry. 27: 969-978. |
| Oxytocic | 1 | Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. |
| Ozone-Scavenger | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| P21-Inducer | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| P450-2B1-Inhibitor | 7 | Duke, 1992 * |
| P450-Inducer | 3 | Duke, 1992 * |
| P450-Inhibitor | 1 | Father Nature's Farmacy: The aggregate of all these three-letter citations. |
| PAF-Inhibitor | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Paralytic | 1 | Oriental Materia Medica (three volumes by Dr. Hsu and collaborators) |
| Parasympathomimetic | 2 | Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. |
| Pediculicide | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Percutaneostimulant | 1 | Seki, T., Toeda, C., Kawaguchi, T., Juni, K., Sugibayashi, K., and Morimoto, Y. 1990. Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Zidovudine in Rats and Human Skin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(11): 3086-3089, 1990. |
| Perfume | 1 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |