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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Citrus aurantium

Citrus aurantium (Rutaceae)

Common Names
Petitgrain; Bitter Orange
How this plant is used
Food
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
HEXANOL 3 Plant *
INDOL 0 Flower List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
INDOLE 15 Plant *
IRON 6 Fruit 3.0 260.0 0.50 *
ISOHESPERIDIN 0 Fruit Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd. Edinburg & London. 1457 pp.
ISOLIMONIC-ACID 0 Plant J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991.
ISOSCUTELLAREIN 2 Plant *
ISOSINENSETIN 0 Plant *
ISOTETRAMETHYLETHER 0 Plant *
JASMONE 8 Flower List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
L-CAMPHENE 0 Flower *
L-LINALOL 0 Plant *
L-LINALOOL 0 Plant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
L-LINALYL-ACETATE 0 Fruit Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books)
L-LINALYL-ACETATE 0 Leaf List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
L-STACHYDRINE 0 Leaf 1000.0 1.00 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
LAURIC-ALDEHYDE 0 Plant *
LIMONENE 60 Leaf 70.0 110.0 -0.33 *
LIMONENE 60 Plant 1000.0 8000.0 4.43 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
LIMONIN 5 Fruit Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Dermatitigenic 3 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Detoxicant 3 *
Detoxicant (Alcohol) 1 *
Differentiator 1 *
Disinfectant 1 Martindale's 29th
Diuretic 7 *
DME-Inhibitor 2 Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 134.
Embryotoxic 3 *
Emetic 5 *
Emmenagogue 1 Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-91.
Enterocontractant 1 J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
Enterorelaxant 1 J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
Enterotoxic 1 Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.
Ergogenic 1 *
ERK-1-Inhibitor 1 *
ERK-2-Inhibitor 1 *
Estrogenic 5 Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Expectorant 11 *
Fibrinolytic 1 *
Fistula-Preventive 1 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).