Plant Citrus aurantium (Rutaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

Petitgrain; Bitter Orange

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
CADINENE	4	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books)
CADINENE	4	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CALCIUM	28	Fruit	18.0	4230.0	0.09	Duke, 1992 *
CAMPHENE	9	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
CAMPHENE	9	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CAPRINALDEHYDE	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARBOHYDRATES	0	Fruit	97000.0	909000.0	0.67	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
CARVONE	19	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARYOPHYLLENE	31	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CINNAMIC-ACID	18	Hull Husk	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
CINNAMIC-ACID	18	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CIS-3-HEXENOL	1	Leaf	not available	1.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CIS-OCIMENE	3	Leaf	1.0	110.0	-0.67	Duke, 1992 *
CITRAL	53	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CITRANTIN	2	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CITRIC-ACID	23	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd. Edinburg & London. 1457 pp.
CITRIC-ACID	23	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CITRONELLAL	20	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CITRONELLIC-ACID	0	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
CITRONELLOL	15	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
11B-HSD-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Acaricide	7	Duke, 1992 *
ACE-Inhibitor	5	Duke, 1992 *
AChE-Inhibitor	1	Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Acidulant	2	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Addictive	1	Science News, 145: 294.
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor	16	Duke, 1992 *
Allelochemic	5	Duke, 1992 *
Allelopathic	3	Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Allergenic	25	Duke, 1992 *
Allergenic?	1	Duke, 1992 *
Alpha-Amylase-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Analgesic	12	Duke, 1992 *
Ancylostomicide	1	Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
Androgenic?	1	Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Anesthetic	9	Duke, 1992 *
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker	3	Duke, 1992 *
Anhydrotic	1	Martindale's 29th
Ankylostomacide	1	Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.