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Common Names
Caraway; Carum; Kummel (Ger.); Comino (Sp.); Comino de prado (Sp.)
How this plant is used
Food
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CARBOHYDRATES | 0 | Seed | 300000.0 | 554000.0 | 0.12 | Duke, 1992 * |
| CARVACROL | 37 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| CARVACROL | 37 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| CARVACROL | 37 | Seed Essent. Oil | not available | 595300.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| CARVEOL | 1 | Essential Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| CARVEOL | 1 | Plant | not available | 430.0 | not available | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| CARVEOL | 1 | Seed | 120.0 | 3240.0 | 1.00 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| CARVONE | 19 | Essential Oil | 264000.0 | 580000.0 | 1.46 | Duke, 1992 * |
| CARVONE | 19 | Fruit | 9000.0 | 44310.0 | 2.00 | Duke, 1992 * |
| CARVONE | 19 | Plant | not available | 3120.0 | 0.12 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| CARVONE | 19 | Seed | 10880.0 | 32640.0 | 0.58 | Duke, 1992 * |
| CARVONE | 19 | Seed Essent. Oil | 595300.0 | 900000.0 | 1.39 | Duke, 1992 * |
| CARVONE-EPOXIDE(8,9) | 0 | Seed | 25.0 | 80.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| CARVYL-ACETATE | 0 | Plant | not available | 55.0 | not available | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| CARVYL-ACETATE | 0 | Seed | 45.0 | 455.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| CHROMIUM | 24 | Fruit | not available | 15.5 | 1.67 | Duke, 1992 * |
| CHROMIUM | 24 | Seed | not available | 15.5 | 1.58 | Duke, 1992 * |
| CIS-2-CARVEOL | 0 | Seed | 75.0 | 230.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| CIS-BETA-OCIMENE | 0 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| CIS-CARVEOL | 0 | Flower Essent. Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Suppository | 1 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Surfactant | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Sweetener | 1 | Martindale's 28th |
| Tachycardic | 1 | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
| Teratologic | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Termiticide | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Termitifuge | 1 | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Testosteronigenic | 1 | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Thymoprotective | 1 | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Tissue-Thromboplastin-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| TNF-alpha-Inhibitor | 3 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor | 2 | Santti, R., Makela, S., Strauss, L., Korman, J., Kostian, M. L. 1998. Phytoestrogens: Potential Endocrine Disruptors in Males. Toxicol Ind Health, 14: 223-237. |
| Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor | 3 | Constantinou, A., Mehta, R., Runyan, C., Rao, K., Vaughan, A., Moon, R. 1995. Flavonoids as DNA Topoisomerase Antagonists and Poisons: Structure-Activity Relationships. J Natural Products, 58: 217-225. |
| Toxic | 1 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Tracheorelaxant | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Tranquilizer | 3 | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90. |
| Transdermal | 5 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Tremorigenic | 1 | Martindale's 28th |
| Trichomonicide | 7 | Martindale's 29th |