Lactuca virosa | Plant | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Back to previous

Download a full report in PDF format

Common name(s)

Bitter Lettuce

How used

GRAS

Data Views

Activities: 195

Chemicals w/Activities: 12

All Chemicals: 17

CSV Excel PDF

Exclude ubiquitous chemicals - View the list of ubiquitous chemicals

List of all chemical
Click on column headings to sort table by that column
# Activity	Chemical Name	Part Filter by plant part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference
9	BETA-AMYRIN	Plant	--	--	--	*
Analgesic * Antiedemic IC27=40 mg/kg ipr rat * Antiinflammatory * Antinociceptive * Antiulcer * Gastroprotective * Hepatoprotective * Larvicide * Mosquitocide *
47	BETA-SITOSTEROL	Seed	--	--	--	*
Androgenic * Angiogenic * Anorexic Martindale's 28th Antiadenomic Merck 11th Edition Antiandrogenic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Antibacterial Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155. Anticancer (Breast) Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103. Anticancer (Cervix) * Anticancer (Lung) * Antiedemic IC54=320 mg/kg orl * Antiestrogenic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Antifertility Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Antigonadotrophic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Antihyperlipoproteinaemic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiinflammatory * Antileukemic * Antilymphomic * Antimutagenic 250 ug/ml * Antiophidic 2.3 mg mus Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363. Antioxidant IC44=10 uM * Antiprogestational Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Antiprostaglandin 30 mg/day/12 wks * Antiprostatadenomic Merck 11th Edition Antiprostatitic 10-20 mg 3 x/day/orl man * Antipyretic Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. Antitumor (Breast) Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103. Antitumor (Cervix) * Antitumor (Lung) * Antiviral Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua. Plant Science, 75: 161-165, 1991. Apoptotic * Artemicide LC50=110 ppm Jung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990. Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Candidicide Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155. Caspase-8-Inducer * Estrogenic * Febrifuge Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. Gonadotrophic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Hepatoprotective * Hypocholesterolemic 9-3,330 mg/man/day/orl Martindale's 28th Hypocholesterolemic 2-6 g/man/day/orl Martindale's 30th Hypoglycemic Ivorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989. Hypolipidemic 2-6 g/day * Pesticide * Spermicide Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Ubiquiot Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Ulcerogenic 500 mg/kg ipr rat *
0	CAOUTCHOUC	Plant	--	--	--	*
23	CITRIC-ACID	Plant	--	--	--	*
Allergenic * Alpha-Amylase-Inhibitor * Antiaphthic 20,000 ppm Martindale's 28th Antiatherosclerotic * Antibacterial * Anticalculic * Anticoagulant Merck 11th Edition Antileishmanic * Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. Antioxidant Synergist Merck 11th Edition Antiseborrheic * Antiseptic Martindale's 29th Antitubercular * Antitumor Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. Disinfectant Martindale's 29th FLavor FEMA 370-4,400 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Hemostat * Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253. Laxative? Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Sep-91. Litholytic Martindale's 29th Mycobactericide * Odontolytic Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253. Refrigerant Martindale's 28th
0	GERMANICOL	Plant	--	--	--	*
27	HYOSCYAMINE	Plant	--	--	--	*
Analgesic Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd. Edinburg & London. 1457 pp. Anticholinergic 150-300 ug 4 x/day/man Martindale's 29th Antidote (Anticholinesterase) Martindale's 29th Antiemetic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiherpetic * Antimeasles * Antimuscarinic Martindale's 29th Antineuralgic * Antiparkinsonian Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antipolio * Antisialogogue Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antispasmodic * Antiulcer Martindale's 29th Antivertigo * Antivinous * Antiviral * Bronchodilator * Bronchorelaxant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. Cardiotonic * CNS-Depressant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. CNS-Stimulant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Mydriatic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Pesticide * Photophobigenic * Psychoactive Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd. Edinburg & London. 1457 pp. Sedative * Toxic *
0	LACTUCERIN	Plant	--	--	--	*
0	LACTUCEROLS	Plant	--	--	--	*
0	LACTUCIC-ACID	Plant	--	--	--	*
6	LACTUCIN	Latex Exudate	--	2000.0	--	*
Antitumor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Bitter 1.7 ppm * CNS-Depressant * Cytotoxic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Sedative Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Tonic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
2	LACTUPICRIN	Latex Exudate	--	--	--	*
Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Pesticide *
15	MALIC-ACID	Plant	--	--	--	*
Antiatherosclerotic * Antibacterial * Antifibromyalgic 300 mg 3x/day * Antioxidant Synergist Merck 11th Edition Antiseborrheic * Antiseptic Martindale's 29th Antitubercular * Antitumor Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. Bacteristat * Bruchiphobe Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Hemopoietic * Laxative? Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Sep-91. Mycobactericide * Pesticide * Sialogogue Martindale's 29th
18	MANNITOL	Plant	--	--	--	*
Allergenic Martindale's 29th Analgesic * Anthelmintic ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. Antiglaucomic Martindale's 28th Antiinflammatory ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. Antimutagenic * Antinephritic Martindale's 29th Antioxidant Jim Duke's personal files. Antiradicular * AntiReye's Martindale's 29th Antispasmodic ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. Diuretic Merck 11th Edition Emetic Martindale's 28th Flatugenic Martindale's 29th Laxative * Nephrotoxic Martindale's 29th Pesticide * Sweetener Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
9	OXALIC-ACID	Latex Exudate	--	10000.0	--	*
Acaricide * Antiseptic * CNS-Paralytic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Fatal Martindale's 29th Hemostatic Merck 11th Edition Irritant * Pesticide * Renotoxic Merck 11th Edition Varroacide *
10	SQUALENE	Seed	--	--	--	*
Antibacterial Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antioxidant * Antitumor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Chemopreventive * Immunostimulant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor Chemical Express, 7: 297, 1992. Perfumery Merck 11th Edition Pesticide * Sunscreen *
2	TARAXASTEROL	Plant	--	--	--	*
Antiedemic * Antiinflammatory 1/2 indomethacin *
93	TOCOPHEROL	Seed	--	--	--	*
5-HETE-Inhibitor * Allergenic * Analgesic 100 IU 3 x day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antiaggregant Martindale's 28th Antiaging Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Antialzheimeran 2,000 IU Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Antianginal 1,067 mg/man/day * Antiarteriosclerotic * Antiarthritic * Antiatherosclerotic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Antibronchitic * Anticancer (Breast) IC50=125 ug/ml * Anticariogenic * Anticataract * Antichorea * Antichoreic * Anticonvulsant * Anticoronary 100-200 IU/day * Antidecubitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antidementia * Antidermatitic * Antidiabetic 600-1,200 mg/day * Antidysmenorrheic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antiepitheleomic * Antifibrositic Martindale's 28th Antiglycosation Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Antiherpetic Martindale's 28th Antiinfertility * Antiinflammatory * Antiischemic * Antileukemic 100-250 uM * Antileukotriene Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Antilithic 600 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antilupus * Antimaculitic * Antimastalgic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. AntiMD * Antimelanomic * AntiMS * Antimyoclonic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Antineuritic Martindale's 29th Antineuropathic * Antinitrosaminic * Antiophthalmic * Antiosteoarthritic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antioxidant IC36=10 uM * Antioxidant IC50=30 ug/ml * Antioxidant IC95=650 uM * Antiparkinsonian * AntiPMS 300 IU 2 x day * Antiproliferant IC50=150 ug/ml * Antiradicular Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Antiretinopathic? Martindale's 29th Antirheumatic * Antisenility * Antisickling Martindale's 28th Antispasmodic 300 mg/man/day Martindale's 28th Antisterility * Antistroke Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antisunburn * Antisyndrome-X Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Antithalassemic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antithrombotic 600 IU/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antithromboxane-B2 Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Antitoxemic * Antitumor 7 uM ckn Hagerman, A.E. Tannin-Protein Interactions. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.19. Antitumor (Breast) IC50=125 ug/ml Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Antitumor (Breast) 100-250 uM * Antitumor (Colorectal) 500-10,000 uM * Antitumor (Prostate) 100-250 uM * Antitumor (Stomach) * Antiulcerogenic 67 mg/man/3 x/day/orl * Apoptotic 100-250 uM * Calcium-Antagonist * Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Cardioprotective * Cerebroprotective Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. Circulatory-Stimulant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Circulotonic * Hepatoprotective * Hypocholesterolemic 100-450 IU/man/day * Hypoglycemic 600 IU/man/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Immunomodulator * Immunostimulant 60-800 IU * Insulin-Sparing 1,000 IU Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). NO-Inhibitor * Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor 400 mg/kg * P21-Inducer 500-10,000 uM * Phospholipase-A2-Inhibitor * Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor 10-50 uM * Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor IC50=450 uM * Vasodilator Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95

^*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.

Plant Lactuca virosa (Asteraceae)

Data Views