0
|
2,5-XYLENOL
|
Leaf |
-- |
-- |
-- |
* |
0
|
4-OXOLAURIC-ACID
|
Leaf |
-- |
-- |
-- |
* |
1
|
5-O-CAFFEOYLQUINIC-ACID
|
Leaf |
-- |
-- |
-- |
* |
|
0
|
ASH
|
Leaf |
-- |
42500.0 |
-1.35 |
* |
0
|
ASH
|
Seed |
-- |
13000.0 |
-1.05 |
* |
9
|
BETA-AMYRIN
|
Leaf |
-- |
-- |
-- |
* |
Antiedemic IC27=40 mg/kg ipr rat
*
|
6
|
BUTYRIC-ACID
|
Leaf |
-- |
-- |
-- |
* |
Anticancer
Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antitumor
Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Bruchifuge
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Nematistat 880 ug/ml
Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
|
62
|
CAFFEINE
|
Leaf |
2000.0 |
20000.0 |
-0.44 |
* |
(+)-Inotropic
Bruneton, J. 1999. Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants. 2nd Ed. Lavoisier Publishing, Paris. 1119 pp.
Adenosine-Antagonist
McKenna, D. J., Hughes, K., and Jones, K. 2000. Green Tea Monograph. Alternative Therapies, 6(3): 61-82.
Analeptic 200 scu mus
Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006.
Antiapneic
Martindale's 29th
Antiasthmatic 5-10 mg/kg orl/man
Martindale's 29th
Antidermatitic
Martindale's 29th
Antiemetic
Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Antifeedant
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Antiflu
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 198.
Antihypotensive 250 mg/day/orl/man
Martindale's 29th
Antinarcotic
Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Antirhinitic 140 mg/day/orl/man
Martindale's 29th
Antiserotonergic 40 ipr rat
Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006.
Antiserotonergic 40 scu rat
Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006.
Antiviral
Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart.
Arrhythmigenic 1,500 mg/man
*
cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor
Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Cancer-Preventive
Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Cardiotonic 10-25 orl dog
Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006.
Cardiotonic 65-500 orl cat
Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006.
Catabolic
Abstract (See species file)
cGMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor
Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
CNS-Stimulant 100 orl mus
*
CNS-Stimulant 30 orl rat
*
Coronary-Dilator
McKenna, D. J., Hughes, K., and Jones, K. 2000. Green Tea Monograph. Alternative Therapies, 6(3): 61-82.
Energizer 20-200 mg/man
*
Ergotamine-Enhancer
Martindale's 29th
FLavor FEMA 125
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insecticide
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Lypolytic
Bruneton, J. 1999. Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants. 2nd Ed. Lavoisier Publishing, Paris. 1119 pp.
Myorelaxant
McKenna, D. J., Hughes, K., and Jones, K. 2000. Green Tea Monograph. Alternative Therapies, 6(3): 61-82.
Neurotoxic
R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor
*
Pyrogenic 60 mg/day oral hmn
Daroca, P., Rodriguez, J., Reano, M., Canto, G., Miranda, P. 1996. Fever From Caffeine. Allergy, 51(3): 189-191.
Pyrogenic 13.3 mg/kg ipr rbt
Dascombe, M. J. 1977. Effects of Methylxanthine Drugs on Pyrogen-Induced Hyperthermia. Eur J Pharmacol, 45: 389-392.
Pyrogenic 15 mg/kg ipr cat
Dascombe, M. J. 1977. Effects of Methylxanthine Drugs on Pyrogen-Induced Hyperthermia. Eur J Pharmacol, 45: 389-392.
Spasmogenic 1,500 mg/man
*
Stimulant
R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Tachycardic 1,500 mg/man
*
Teratogenic 14 orl rat
Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006.
Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor 0.1 nM
Tohda, H., Zhao, J. H., Oikawa, A. 1992. A Possible Involvement of DNA Topoisomerase I in 'Caffeine Effect' After Ultraviolet Irradiation. Tohoku J Exp Med, 168: 129-132.
Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor 75 uM
Shin, C. G., Strayer, J. M., Wani, M., Snapka, R. M. 1990. Rapid Evaluation of Topoisomerase Inhibitors: Caffeine Inhibition of Topoisomerases in vivo. Teratogen Carcinogen Mutagen, 10: 41-52.
Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor 99 mM
Shin, C. G., Strayer, J. M., Wani, M., Snapka, R. M. 1990. Rapid Evaluation of Topoisomerase Inhibitors: Caffeine Inhibition of Topoisomerases in vivo. Teratogen Carcinogen Mutagen, 10: 41-52.
Vasodilator
Bruneton, J. 1999. Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants. 2nd Ed. Lavoisier Publishing, Paris. 1119 pp.
|
77
|
CHLOROGENIC-ACID
|
Leaf |
-- |
-- |
-- |
* |
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=1.8 uM rat (strong activity)
Yoshikawa, M., et al. 1999. Medicinal Flowers. I. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and Three New Eudesmane-Type Sesquiterpenes, Kikkanols A, B, and C, From the Flowers of Chrysanthemum inducum L. Chem Pharm Bull, 47(3): 340-345.
Anticancer (Forestomach)
*
AntiEBV
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antigonadotropic
Jim Duke's personal files.
Antihemolytic 10 uM
Ohnishi, M., Morishita, H., Iwahashi, H., Toda, S., Shirataki, Y., Kimura, M., and Kido, R. 1993. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic Acids on Linoleic Acid Peroxidation and Haemolysis. Phytochemistry. 36(3): 579-583. 1994.
Antiherpetic
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 194.
AntiHIV
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antihypercholesterolemic
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiinflammatory
Hagerman, A.E. Tannin-Protein Interactions. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.19.
Antioxidant IC53=200 ppm
Huang, M-T., and Ferraro, T. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Cancer Prevention. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.2 p.21.
Antioxidant IC50=54.2 uM
*
Antiperoxidant IC50=36 uM
Planta Medica, 57: A54, 1991.
Antipolio
Jim Duke's personal files.
Antiradicular 10 uM
Ohnishi, M., Morishita, H., Iwahashi, H., Toda, S., Shirataki, Y., Kimura, M., and Kido, R. 1993. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic Acids on Linoleic Acid Peroxidation and Haemolysis. Phytochemistry. 36(3): 579-583. 1994.
Antiradicular 9 x quercetin
*
Antithyroid
Jim Duke's personal files.
Antitumor
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antitumor (Forestomach)
*
Antitumor-Promoter IC25=10 uM
*
Antiulcer
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiviral
Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart.
Cancer-Preventive
Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Cholagogue
Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.
Choleretic
Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Clastogenic
Friedman, M. and Dao, L. 1990. Effect of Autoclaving and Conventional and Microwave Baking on the Ergot Alkaloid and Chlorogenic Acid Contents of Morning Glory (Ipomoea tricolor Cav. cv.) Heavenly Blue Seeds. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38: 805-808.
CNS-Active
Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.
CNS-Stimulant 1/6 Caffeine
*
Fungicide
Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Hepatoprotective
Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Insectifuge
Tunon, H., Thorsell, W., and Bohlin, L. 1993. Mosquito Repelling Activity of Compounds Occurring in Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae). Economic Botany 48(2): 111-120, 1994.
Interferonogenic
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 124.
Juvabional
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Larvistat
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC23=5 mM
Oszmianski, J. and Lee, C.Y. 1990. Inhibitory Effect of Phenolics on Carotene Bleaching in Vegetables. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38: 688-690.
Metal-Chelator
McEvily, A.J., Iyengar, R., and Gross, A.T. Inhibition of Polyphenol Oxidase by Phenolic Compounds. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.25.
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor
Hagerman, A.E. Tannin-Protein Interactions. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.19.
Oviposition-Stimulant
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Sweetener
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
|
21
|
CHLOROPHYLL
|
Leaf |
-- |
19000.0 |
-0.24 |
* |
Anticancer
Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Anticancer (Colon)
Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Anticancer (Liver)
Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Antimenorrhagic 25 mg/day/wmn/orl
Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antimutagenic
Lawson, T., J. Nunnaly, B. Walker, E. Bresnick, D. Wheeler, and M. Wheeler. 1989. Isolation of compounds with antimutagenic activity from savoy chieftain cabbage. J. Agric. Food Chem. 37:1363-1367.
Cancer-Preventive
Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Colorant
Martindale's 28th
Deodorant
Merck 11th Edition
Perfumery
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
|
20
|
CHOLINE
|
Leaf |
-- |
-- |
-- |
* |
Antialzheimeran 5-16 g/man/day
*
Antichoreic
Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticirrhotic 6,000 mg/man/day
*
Antidyskinetic 150-200 mg/kg/man/day
Martindale's 28th
Antimanic 15-30 g/man/day/orl
Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Cholinergic
Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Parasympathomimetic (1/1,000th acetylcholine)
Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
|
0
|
EO
|
Leaf |
-- |
3000.0 |
-0.75 |
* |
0
|
FAT
|
Seed |
161000.0 |
173000.0 |
-0.49 |
* |
15
|
FIBER
|
Leaf |
-- |
176800.0 |
0.19 |
* |
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker
*
Antitumor
Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiulcer
Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Cancer-Preventive
Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Hypotensive 10 g/man/day/orl
Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
|
8
|
INOSITOL
|
Leaf |
-- |
-- |
-- |
* |
Antidiabetic?
Martindale's 29th
Antineuropathic? 2 g/day
Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Cholesterolytic 2,000 mg/man/day
*
Lipotropic
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Sweetener
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Ubiquiot
Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
|
2
|
ISOBUTYRIC-ACID
|
Leaf |
-- |
-- |
-- |
* |
Transdermal
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
0
|
ISOCAPRONIC-ACID
|
Leaf |
-- |
-- |
-- |
* |
5
|
ISOVALERIC-ACID
|
Leaf |
-- |
-- |
-- |
* |
FLavor FEMA 1-16
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Irritant
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery
Merck 11th Edition
Tranquilizer
Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
|
2
|
NEO-CHLOROGENIC-ACID
|
Leaf |
-- |
-- |
-- |
* |
|
11
|
NICOTINIC-ACID
|
Leaf |
-- |
-- |
-- |
* |
Antichilblain 50 mg/3x/day
Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
AntiCrohn's
Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (pesticides)
Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antischizophrenic
Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antithyrotoxic
Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Hypocholesterolemic 1-6 g/man/day
Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Insulinase-Inhibitor
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 157.
Insulinotonic
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 157.
Lipolytic
Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
|