Cimicifuga dahurica | Plant | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

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Common name(s)

Sheng Ma

How used

Medicinal

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Activities: 245

Chemicals w/Activities: 13

All Chemicals: 23

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# Activity	Chemical Name	Part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference
0	12-HYDROXYCIMIGENOL	Rhizome	--	--	--	*
0	12-HYDROXYCIMIGENOL-XYLOSIDE	Rhizome	--	--	--	*
0	24-O-ACETYLISODAHURINOL	Rhizome	--	--	--	*
0	3-(3'-METHYL-2'-BUTENYLIDEN)-2-INDOLINONE	Rhizome	--	--	--	*
102	CAFFEIC-ACID	Rhizome	--	--	--	*
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 4 ug/ml (weak activity) Ichikawa, K., et al. 1991. Isolation and Structure Determination of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Traditional Thai Medicine, and Syntheses of Their Derivatives. Sankyo Kenkyusho Nempo, 43: 99-110. Allergenic * Analgesic * Antiadenoviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 207. Antiaggregant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiaging * Antiatherogenic * Antibacterial * Anticancer * Anticarcinogenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antidepressant * Antiedemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antielastase IC50=86 ug/ml (475 uM) * Antielastase IC50=93 um/l * Antiescherichic * Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 207. Antigonadotropic Jim Duke's personal files. Antihemolytic 25 uM Ohnishi, M., Morishita, H., Iwahashi, H., Toda, S., Shirataki, Y., Kimura, M., and Kido, R. 1993. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic Acids on Linoleic Acid Peroxidation and Haemolysis. Phytochemistry. 36(3): 579-583. 1994. Antihepatoadenomic 200 ppm diet orl mus * Antihepatotoxic * Antiherpetic EC50=>50 ug/ml * Antiherpetic 50 ug/ml * Antihistaminic * AntiHIV EC50=200 ug/ml * Antihypercholesterolemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antihyperthyroid * Antiinflammatory * AntiLegionella * Antileukemic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antileukotriene * Antimelanogenic * Antimutagenic Ki Soon Rhee. Oilseed Food Ingredients Used To Minimize Oxidative Flavor Deterioration in Meat Products. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.18. Antinitrosaminic Ki Soon Rhee. Oilseed Food Ingredients Used To Minimize Oxidative Flavor Deterioration in Meat Products. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.18. Antiophidic * Antioxidant 50 uM * Antioxidant 1.3 x Vit. E * Antioxidant 1/3 quercetin * Antioxidant 1/2 BHA * Antioxidant 30 mM * Antioxidant IC57=30 ppm * Antiperoxidant IC50=44 uM Planta Medica, 57: A54, 1991. Antiperoxidant IC85=100 ug/ml * Antiperoxidant IC35=200 ug/ml * Antiproliferant Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antiprostaglandin * Antiradicular 10 uM Ohnishi, M., Morishita, H., Iwahashi, H., Toda, S., Shirataki, Y., Kimura, M., and Kido, R. 1993. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic Acids on Linoleic Acid Peroxidation and Haemolysis. Phytochemistry. 36(3): 579-583. 1994. Antiradicular IC50=32-35 uM * Antiradicular 1/3 quercetin * Antiradicular 30 mM * Antiseptic * Antispasmodic EC50=3.4-15 uM Phytotherapy Research, 4: 73. Antistaphylococcic * Antistomatitic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 207. Antisunburn * Antithiamin Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, 69. Antithyroid Jim Duke's personal files. Antitumor 200 ppm diet orl mus * Antitumor (Skin) * Antitumor-Promoter IC42=10 uM Cancer Research, 48: 5941. Antiulcerogenic * Antivaccinia Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 207. Antiviral IC50=62.5 ug/ml * Anxiolytic * Calcium-Antagonist IC50=1.2 uM rbt * Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Carcinogenic 2% (diet) * Chemopreventive * Cholagogue Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. Choleretic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. Clastogenic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. CNS-Active Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. Co-carcinogenic * Collagen-Sparing * COX-2-Inhibitor IC32=100 uM * Cytoprotective Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. Cytotoxic TC50=200 ug/ml * Diuretic Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. DNA-Active Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. DNA-Protective * Fungicide MIC=0.4 mg/ml * Hepatocarcinogenic 400 ppm diet orl mus (in the absence of alcohol) * Hepatoprotective Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 210. Hepatotropic * Histamine-Inhibitor * Immunostimulant * Insectifuge Tunon, H., Thorsell, W., and Bohlin, L. 1993. Mosquito Repelling Activity of Compounds Occurring in Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae). Economic Botany 48(2): 111-120, 1994. Leukotriene-Inhibitor * Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50=62-148 uM * Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC27=5 mM Oszmianski, J. and Lee, C.Y. 1990. Inhibitory Effect of Phenolics on Carotene Bleaching in Vegetables. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38: 688-690. Lyase-Inhibitor IC50=94-164 uM * Metal-Chelator McEvily, A.J., Iyengar, R., and Gross, A.T. Inhibition of Polyphenol Oxidase by Phenolic Compounds. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.25. Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor Hagerman, A.E. Tannin-Protein Interactions. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.19. Pesticide * Prooxidant * Prostaglandigenic * Sedative 500 mg * Sunscreen IC50=2.5 mg/l Lazarova, G., Kostova, I., Neychev, H. 1992. Photodynamic damage prevention by some hydroxycoumarins. Fitoterapia 64(2): 134-136, 1993. Sunscreen IC91=5 mg/l Lazarova, G., Kostova, I., Neychev, H. 1992. Photodynamic damage prevention by some hydroxycoumarins. Fitoterapia 64(2): 134-136, 1993. Sunscreen IC98=25 mg/l Lazarova, G., Kostova, I., Neychev, H. 1992. Photodynamic damage prevention by some hydroxycoumarins. Fitoterapia 64(2): 134-136, 1993. Tumorigenic Jim Duke's personal files. Vulnerary Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC50=39.21 uM Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill Livinston, Edinburgh.
28	CALCIUM	Rhizome	--	9750.0	0.61	*
Antiallergic 500 mg/day * Antianxiety Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antiarrhythmic 500-1,500 mg * Antiarthritic 1,000 mg/day * Antiatherosclerotic 500 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Anticlimacteric 1,000-1,500 mg/day * Antidepressant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antidote (Aluminum) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antidote (Lead) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antihyperkinetic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antihypertensive * Antiinsomniac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antimenopausal 1,000-1,500 mg/day * Antiobesity * Antiosteoporotic 500-2,000 mg/day * Antiperiodontitic 750 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. AntiPMS 1 g/day * Antirheumatic 1,000 mg/day * Antistress 500-1,500 mg/day * Antitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Anxiolytic 500-1,500 mg/day * Calcium-Channel-Blocker * Diuretic * Hypocholesterolemic 500 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Hypotensive 1 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Laxative 1,000-1,200 mg * Tranquilizer 500-1,500 mg/day * Vasodilator *
0	CIMIGENOL	Rhizome	--	--	--	*
0	CIMIGENOL-XYLOSIDE	Rhizome	--	--	--	*
12	COPPER	Rhizome	--	8.0	-0.57	*
Antianemic * Antiarthritic * Antidiabetic 2-4 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antifatigue * Antiinflammatory Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antinociceptive Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antiosteoporotic * Cardioprotective * Contraceptive Martindale's 28th Hypocholesterolemic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Immunomodulator * Schizophrenigenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
0	DAHURINOL	Rhizome	--	--	--	*
61	FERULIC-ACID	Rhizome	--	--	--	*
Allelopathic Holappa, L.D., and Blum, U. 1991. Effects of Exogenously Applied Ferulic Acid, a Potential Allelopathic Compound, on Leaf Growth, Water Utilization, and Endogenous Abscisic Acid Levels of Tomato, Cucumber, and Bean. J. of Chemical Ecology, 17(5): 865. Analgesic Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 69. Antiaggregant Ozaki, Y. and Ma, J-P. 1989. Inhibitory Effects of Tetramethylpyrazine and Ferulic Acid on Spontaneous Movement of Rat Uterus in Situ. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(6): 1620-1623, 1990. Antiallergic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. Antiarrhythmic Antibacterial Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Anticancer (Colon) * Anticancer (Forestomach) * Anticancer (Liver) * Anticancer (Skin) * Anticarcinogenic * Antidysmenorrheic * Antiestrogenic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antihepatotoxic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiherpetic * Antiinflammatory Hagerman, A.E. Tannin-Protein Interactions. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.19. Antileukemic IC50=25-56 ug/ml Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antimitotic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antimutagenic Ki Soon Rhee. Oilseed Food Ingredients Used To Minimize Oxidative Flavor Deterioration in Meat Products. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.18. Antineoplastic (Stomach) * Antinitrosaminic Ki Soon Rhee. Oilseed Food Ingredients Used To Minimize Oxidative Flavor Deterioration in Meat Products. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.18. Antioxidant 1/3 quercetin * Antioxidant 1/2 BHA * Antioxidant 3,000 uM * Antioxidant IC51=200 ppm * Antioxidant EC50=9-15 ug/ml * Antiradicular EC50=9-15 ug/ml * Antiradicular IC50=116-124 uM * Antiserotonin Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antispasmodic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. Antithrombic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. Antitumor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antitumor (Colon) * Antitumor (Forestomach) * Antitumor (Liver) * Antitumor (Skin) * Antitumor-Promoter IC46=10 uM Cancer Research, 48: 5941. Antiviral Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart. Arteriodilator Ozaki, Y. and Ma, J-P. 1989. Inhibitory Effects of Tetramethylpyrazine and Ferulic Acid on Spontaneous Movement of Rat Uterus in Situ. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(6): 1620-1623, 1990. Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Candidicide Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Cardiac Ozaki, Y. and Ma, J-P. 1989. Inhibitory Effects of Tetramethylpyrazine and Ferulic Acid on Spontaneous Movement of Rat Uterus in Situ. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(6): 1620-1623, 1990. Cholagogue Pharmazie, 46: 156, 1991. Choleretic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. Fungicide Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. Hepatoprotective Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill Livinston, Edinburgh. Hepatotropic * Herbicide Angewandte Botanik 68(5/6)=1994. Page 195. Hydrocholerectic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Hypolipidemic * Immunostimulant Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 124. Insectifuge Tunon, H., Thorsell, W., and Bohlin, L. 1993. Mosquito Repelling Activity of Compounds Occurring in Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae). Economic Botany 48(2): 111-120, 1994. Metal-Chelator McEvily, A.J., Iyengar, R., and Gross, A.T. Inhibition of Polyphenol Oxidase by Phenolic Compounds. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.25. Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor Hagerman, A.E. Tannin-Protein Interactions. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.19. Pesticide * Phagocytotic * Preservative Merck 11th Edition Prostaglandigenic * Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 0.58-3.2 mM Xu, L. N., Yu, W. G., Tian, J. Y., Liu, Q. Y. 1990. Effect of Sodium Ferulate on Arachidonic Acid Metabolism. Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao, 25(6): 412-416. Sunscreen Chemical Marketing Reporter; a weekly tabloid, 9/10/92. Uterosedative 30-100 mg/kg ivn rat Ozaki, Y. and Ma, J-P. 1989. Inhibitory Effects of Tetramethylpyrazine and Ferulic Acid on Spontaneous Movement of Rat Uterus in Situ. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(6): 1620-1623, 1990.
6	IRON	Rhizome	--	680.0	0.97	*
Antiakathisic Martindale's 29th Antianemic Martindale's 29th Anticanker * Anticheilitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antimenorrhagic 100 mg/day/wmn/orl Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Prooxidant *
0	ISODAHURINOL	Rhizome	--	--	--	*
4	ISOFERULIC-ACID	Rhizome	--	--	--	*
Antiedemic * Antiinflammatory * Antioxidant IC50=189-193 uM * Hypothermic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
65	MAGNESIUM	Rhizome	--	1450.0	-0.20	*
Antiaggregant 400 mg/day * Antialcoholic * Antianginal 400 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antianorectic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antianxiety 400 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antiarrhythmic 400 mg/day * Antiarthritic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antiasthmatic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Antiatherosclerotic 400 mg/day * Anticephalagic * AntiCFS * Anticlimacteric 500-750 mg/day * Anticonvulsant Facciola, S. 1998. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, Vista CA. 713 pp. Anticoronary 400 mg/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Antidepressant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antidiabetic 400-800 mg/man/day * Antidysmenorrheic 100 mg 4 x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antiendometriotic 500 mg/day * Antienterotic * Antiepileptic 450 mg/day * Antifatigue * Antifibromyalgic 200-300 mg 3x/day * Antigastrotic * Antiglaucomic * Antihyperkinetic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antihypertensive * Antihypoglycemic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antiinflammatory 100 mg 4 x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antiinsomniac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antilithic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). AntiLyme 400-1,000 mg * Antimastalgic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Antimenopausal 500-750 mg/day * Antimigraine 200 mg/day/man Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antimitral-valve-prolapse * AntiMS * Antinephrolytic * Antineurotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antiosteoporotic 500-1,000 mg/day/wmn/orl * Antiplaque 500-1,000 mg/day * AntiPMS 400-800 mg/day/wmn/orl * AntiPMS 400-800 mg/day/wmn orl * AntiRaynaud's 280-350 mg/day * Antiretinopathic 400 mg/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Antispasmodic * Antispasmophilic 500 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antistress 500-750 mg/day * Antistroke 400 mg/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Antisyndrome-X 400 mg/man/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Anxiolytic 500-750 mg/day * Calcium-Antagonist * Cardioprotective * CNS-Depressant Facciola, S. 1998. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, Vista CA. 713 pp. Diuretic * Hypocholesterolemic 400 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Hypotensive 260-500 mg/day * Immunomodulator * Insulinogenic 400 mg/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Laxative 300-500 mg/day * Litholytic * Myorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Neurotransmitter * Tranquilizer 500-750 mg/day * Uterorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Vasodilator *
14	MANGANESE	Rhizome	--	74.0	-0.34	*
Antialcoholic Forest H. Nielsen, USDA, Grand Forks, various publications. Antianemic Martindale's 28th Antiarthritic * Antidiabetic 10-30 mg/man/day * Antidiabetic 3-5 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antidiscotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antidyskinetic Martindale's 28th Antiepileptic 450 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antiosteoporotic * Antiototic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antioxidant * AntiPMS * Antisyndrome-X 10-30 mg/man/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Hypoglycemic 10-30 mg/man/day *
0	NORVISNAGIN	Rhizome	--	--	--	*
0	PHENOL-CARBOXYLIC-ACID	Rhizome	--	--	--	*
14	POTASSIUM	Rhizome	--	18600.0	0.63	*
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker * Antiarrhythmic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antidepressant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antifatigue Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antihypertensive * Antispasmodic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antistroke * Anxiolytic * Beta-Blocker * Cardioprotective 3,000-5,000 mg * Cardiotoxic 18,000 mg/man/day * Diuretic * Hypotensive * Vasodilator *
1	SODIUM	Rhizome	--	85.0	-0.53	*
Hypertensive Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.

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^*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.

Plant Cimicifuga dahurica (Ranunculaceae)

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