Chemical ID
CHOLINE
Ubiquitous
Yes
Dosage | Reference |
---|---|
LD50=200 (scu cat) | |
LD50=400 (ipr rat) | |
LD50=6,700 (orl rat) | |
MLD 70 mg/kg (ivn rbt) | Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. |
MLD 800 mg/kg (scu rbt) | Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. |
RDA=500 mg/day |
Activity | Dosage | Reference |
---|---|---|
Antialzheimeran | 5-16 g/man/day | Duke, 1992 * |
Antichoreic | not available | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
Anticirrhotic | 6,000 mg/man/day | Duke, 1992 * |
Anticystinuric | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Antidementia | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Antidiabetic | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Antidyskinetic | 150-200 mg/kg/man/day | Martindale's 28th |
Antihomocysteine | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Antimanic | 15-30 g/man/day/orl | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
Antinociceptive | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Antisteatotic | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Cardiodepressant | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Cerebrotonic | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Cholinergic | not available | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
Hepatoprotective | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Hypotensive | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Ileorelaxant | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Lipotropic | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Memorigenic | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Parasympathomimetic | (1/1,000th acetylcholine) | Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. |
Plant Name | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sambucus nigra | Bark | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Sambucus nigra | Flower | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Sambucus nigra | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Satureja montana | Shoot | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Sesamum indicum | Seed | not available | 1320.0 | -0.3 | ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
Sinapis alba | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Solanum melongena | Fruit | not available | 520.0 | -0.5 | Duke, 1992 * |
Solanum tuberosum | Tuber | 330.0 | 1000.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Stachys officinalis | Plant | not available | not available | not available | CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses |
Strophanthus gratus | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Strophanthus hispidus | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Strychnos nux-vomica | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Symphytum officinale | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Syzygium cumini | Fruit | 70.0 | 430.0 | -0.5 | Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981. |
Taraxacum mongolicum | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
Taraxacum officinale | Root | 390.0 | 1120.0 | -0.3 | Duke, 1992 * |
Teucrium botrys | Plant | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
Teucrium chamaedrys | Plant | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
Teucrium montanum | Plant | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
Teucrium scordium | Plant | not available | not available | not available | ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |