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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture

Plant Sambucus nigra (Adoxaceae)

Common Names
European Alder, European Elder, European Elderberry, Elder, Black Elder
How this plant is used
Food

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View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
1-CAFFEOYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE 0 Flower Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
1-CAFFEOYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE 0 Plant *
1-FERULOYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE 0 Plant *
2-METHYLHEPTANE 0 Flower Essent. Oil *
2-PHENYLETHANOL 0 Flower Essent. Oil *
20-BETA-HYDROXYURSOLIC-ACID 0 Flower *
24-METHYL-CYCLOARTENOL 0 Flower List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
30-BETA-HYDROXYURSOLIC-ACID 0 Flower Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980.
ACETALDEHYDE 6 Flower Essent. Oil *
ACETALDEHYDE 6 Leaf Essent. Oil *
ALKANES 0 Flower 210.0 70000.0 *
ALPHA-AMYRENONE 0 Bark 178.0 *
ALPHA-AMYRIN 10 Bark 379.0 *
ALPHA-AMYRIN 10 Flower *
ALPHA-AMYRIN 10 Leaf *
ALPHA-AMYRIN-PALMITATE 5 Leaf *
ALPHA-HYDROXYBEHENIC-ACID 0 Bark *
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 23 Flower Essent. Oil *
ANTIRHININ 0 Fruit *
ARACHIDIC-ACID 0 Flower *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
XLSX
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
11B-HSD-Inhibitor 2 (View) *
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor 5 (View) *
5-HT-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor 2 (View) *
Abortifacient 1 (View) *
Acaricide 3 (View) *
ACE-Inhibitor 5 (View) *
Acetylcholinergic 1 (View) *
AChE-Inhibitor 1 (View) Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Acidulant 2 (View) Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Addictive 1 (View) Science News, 145: 294.
Aggregant 1 (View) Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor 2 (View) *
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 14 (View) *
Allelochemic 4 (View) Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Allelopathic 4 (View) Holappa, L.D., and Blum*, U. 1991. Effects of Exogenously Applied Ferulic Acid, a Potential Allelopathic Compound, on Leaf Growth, Water Utilization, and Endogenous Abscisic Acid Levels of Tomato, Cucumber, and Bean. J. of Chemical Ecology, 17(5): 865.
Allergenic 13 (View) Martindale's 29th
Alpha-Amylase-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
Analgesic 16 (View) Martindale's 28th