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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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BETA-PINENE

Chemical ID
BETAPINENE
Ubiquitous
No
List of known dosages
Dosage Reference
LD50=4,700 mg/kg (orl rat) Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
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List of chemical activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Dosage Reference
Allergenic *
Antiinflammatory *
Antiseptic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antispasmodic *
Candidicide *
FLavor FEMA 15-600 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide *
Spasmogenic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Transdermal *
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List of chemical plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Plant Name Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
Pinus sylvestris Twig *
Pinus sylvestris Root Essent. Oil 175000.0 200000.0 1.7 Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
Pinus sylvestris Leaf 200.0 1500.0 1.8 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Pinus sylvestris Resin, Exudate, Sap *
Pinus walliciana Leaf ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Piper auritum Leaf Tramil
Piper cubeba Fruit Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980.
Piper cubeba Fruit Essent. Oil *
Piper nigrum Essential Oil *
Piper nigrum Fruit Essent. Oil 85000.0 138000.0 1.0 *
Piper nigrum Seed Essent. Oil *
Piper nigrum Fruit 2355.0 -0.2 *
Pistacia lentiscus Plant *
Pogostemon cablin Plant *
Polygonum hydropiper Essential Oil *
Porophyllum ruderale Plant 3.0 4.0 -0.4 Loayza, I., de Groot, W., Lorenzo, D. et al. 1999. Composition of the essential oil of Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass. from Bolivia. Flav. & Fragr. J. 14: 393-8.
Prunella vulgaris Plant 785.0 0.4 *
Prunella vulgaris Essential Oil *
Psidium guajava Leaf Essent. Oil *
Psidium guajava Pericarp Essent. Oil *