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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture

Biological Activity Antioxidant

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
ELLAGIC-ACID 2/3 quercetin *
ELLAGIC-ACID >50 x tocopherol Osawa, T. Phenolic Antioxidants in Dietary Plants as Antimutagens.Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.11 p.142.
ELLAGIC-ACID IC98=30 ppm *
ELLAGITANNIN *
EMBELIN *
EPICATECHIN 3/4 quercetin *
EPICATECHIN IC50=6.3 ug/ml Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
EPICATECHIN 2.5 x Vit. E *
EPICATECHIN IC50=10.2 uM *
EPICATECHIN-3-O-GALLATE IC50=0.16 ug/ml Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
EPICATECHIN-GALLATE >10 x tocopherol Osawa, T. Phenolic Antioxidants in Dietary Plants as Antimutagens.Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.11 p.142.
EPIGALLOCATECHIN IC50=1.4 ug/ml Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
EPIGALLOCATECHIN-3-O-GALLATE IC50=0.14 ug/ml Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
EPIROSMANAL *
ERIODICTYOL *
ESCIN *
ESCULIN Jim Duke's personal files.
ETHYL-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-TUBERONATE 30 mM *
ETHYL-GALLATE Martindale's 28th
EUCHRESTINE-B >tocopherol *
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List of Activity Plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column.
Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Viscum album European Mistletoe 13 7, 659
Vitellaria paradoxa Butterseed; Shea Nut; Shea-Butter-Tree; Sheatree; Shea 6 393, 950
Vitex agnus-castus Chaste-Tree 15 60, 368
Vitis vinifera Grape; European Grape; Wine Grape; Grapevine; Vigne Vinifere (Fr.); Weinrebe (Ger.); Parra (Sp.); Vid (Sp.) 75 1, 749, 074.4960072488
Warburgia ugandensis Warburghia 2 30, 000
Withania somnifera Ashwagandha 10 1, 200
Xanthorhiza simplicissima Yellowroot 1 0
Xanthosoma sagittifolium Malanga; Tannia; Yautia 3 1, 019.4000005722046
Xylopia aethiopica Ethiopian Pepper; Guinea Pepper; Negro Pepper; Spice Tree; Mohrenpfeffer (Ger.); Maniguete (Sp.); Pimienta de Guinea (Sp.) 2 63, 700
Yucca baccata Spanish Bayonet; Yucca; Banana Yucca; Blue Yucca 6 584.7999992370605
Zanthoxylum alatum Indian Prickly Ash; Wartara Oil Tree 2 90
Zanthoxylum americanum Northern Prickly Ash 2 0
Zanthoxylum clava-herculis Pepperbark; Southern Prickly Ash; Hercules'-Club; West Indian Yellowwood 2 0
Zea mays Corn 52 314, 039.4009997378
Zingiber officinale Ginger 47 363, 730.90099914174
Zizyphus jujuba Da-Zao; Jujube; Ta-Tsao 10 1, 648, 783.200000286
Zizyphus spina-christi Syrian Christ-Thorn 4 331.39999997615814