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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
EMBININ IC13=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
EMODIN IC50=15.9 uM *
ETHYL-BREVIFOLIN-CARBOXYLATE IC50=5 uM Shimizu, M., Horie, S., Terashima, S., Ueno, H., et al. 1989. Studies on Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Natural Products.II. Active Components of a Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Para-parai mi,' Phyllanthus niruri. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37(9): 2531-2532, 1989.
EUGENOL-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE 0.1 mM/l rat (weak activity, 35.2% inhibition) Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
EUPATILIN IC50=25 uM rat (weak activity) Yoshikawa, M., et al. 1999. Medicinal Flowers. I. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and Three New Eudesmane-Type Sesquiterpenes, Kikkanols A, B, and C, From the Flowers of Chrysanthemum inducum L. Chem Pharm Bull, 47(3): 340-345.
FLAVOCANNABISIDE Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
FLAVOSATIVASIDE Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
FORSYTHOSIDE-B IC50=4.83 uM Andary, C. Caffeic Acid Glycoside Esters and Pharmacology. Polyphenolic Phenom, 1993: 237-245.
FRAXIN 10 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
FRAXINOL 10 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
GENISTEIN IC50=10 uM *
GOSSYPETIN-8-GLUCOSIDE *
GOSSYPOL Deck, L. M., Vander Jagt, D. L., Royer, R. E. 1991. Gossypol and Derivatives: A New Class of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors. J Med Chem, 34(1): 3301-3305.
GUAIJAVERIN IC50=0.18 uM Yoshikawa, M., et al. 1998. Antidiabetic Principles of Natural Medicines. II. Aldose Reductase and Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Brazilian Natural Medicine, the Leaves of Myrcia multiflora DC. (....). Chem Pharm Bull, 46(1): 113-119.
HAEMATOXYLIN *
HERNIARIN 10 ug/ml cow (weak activity) Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
HISPIDULOSIDE ED50=1-10 uM *
HYMENOXIN 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
HYPERIN Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
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List of Activity Plants.
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Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Lepidium meyenii Maca; Peruvian Ginseng 1 5, 720
Lepidium sativum Garden Cress 1 6, 510
Leptospermum scoparium Manuka; Broom Teatree 3 0
Lespedeza cyrtobotrya 1 0
Levisticum officinale Lovage 8 185
Licania platypus Sansapote 1 1, 005
Ligustrum japonicum Japanese Privet; Ligustri Fructus 4 0
Ligustrum lucidum Chinese Privet; Glossy Privet; Ligustri Fructus; Privet; White Waxtree 4 0
Limonia acidissima Elephant Apple; Manzana De Elefante; Wood-Apple 2 195
Lindera benzoin Benjamin Bush; Spicebush; Wild Allspice; Fieberstrauch (Ger.) 5 1, 320.4000000059605
Linum usitatissimum Flax; Linseed 5 126
Lippia dulcis Sweet Herb 1 0
Lippia graveolens Oregano 1 620
Lippia javanica Lemon Bush; Umsuzwane (Zulu) 2 0
Liquidambar orientalis Oriental Storax; Oriental Styrax 1 300, 000
Liquidambar styraciflua American Styrax; Sweetgum 4 460, 000
Litsea glaucescens Mexican bay 4 365
Lobelia inflata Indian Tobacco; Lobelia 1 4, 504
Lonicera japonica Japanese Honeysuckle 7 60, 100.66500000656
Ludwigia adscendens Ascending ludwigia 1 0