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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
3,3',4-TRI-O-METHYL-ELLAGIC-ACID IC50=0.08 uM Terashima, S., Shimizu, M., Nakayama, H., Ishikura, M., et al. 1990. Studies on Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Medicinal Plant of 'Sinfito,' Potentilla candicans, and Further Synthesis of Their Related Compounds. Chem. Pharm. Bull 38(10):2733-2736, 1990
3,4-DIMETHOXYCINNAMIC-ACID 4 ug/ml (weak activity) Ichikawa, K., et al. 1991. Isolation and Structure Determination of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Traditional Thai Medicine, and Syntheses of Their Derivatives. Sankyo Kenkyusho Nempo, 43: 99-110.
3-(PENTADECA-CIS-8-CIS-11,14-TRIENYL)-PHENOL IC50=180.9 uM Toyomizu, M., Sugiyama, S., Jin, R. L., Nakatsu, T. 1993. Alpha-Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Constituents of Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, Nut Shell Liquids. Phytotherapy Research, 7(3): 252-254.
3-(PENTADECA-CIS-8-CIS-12-DIENYL)-PHENOL IC50=332.8 uM Toyomizu, M., Sugiyama, S., Jin, R. L., Nakatsu, T. 1993. Alpha-Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Constituents of Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, Nut Shell Liquids. Phytotherapy Research, 7(3): 252-254.
3-ACETYL-3',4'-DIHYDROXY-5,6,7-TRIMETHOXY-FLAVONE 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
3-HYDROXY-6-METHOXY-COUMARIN 10 uM (weak activity) Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
3-HYDROXY-COUMARIN 10 uM (weak activity) Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
4',5,6,7-TETRAHYDROXY-3',8-DIMETHOXY-FLAVONE 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
4',5,7-TRIHYDROXY-6,8-DIMETHOXY-FLAVONE 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
4',6-DIHYDROXY-3',5,7,8-TETRAMETHOXY-FLAVONE 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
4',6-DIHYDROXY-5,7,8-TRIMETHOXY-FLAVONE 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
4'-HYDROXY-3',5,6,7,8-PENTAMETHOXY-FLAVONE 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
4'-HYDROXY-5,6,7,8-TETRAMETHOXY-FLAVONE 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
4-(ALPHA-RHAMNOPYRANOSYL)ELLAGIC-ACID IC50=4.1 x 10(-8) M *
4-HYDROXY-6,7-METHYLENEDIOXY-COUMARIN 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
4-HYDROXYCOUMARIN IC50=0.53 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
4-METHOXYCOUMARIN 10 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
4-O-METHYLELLAGIC-ACID *
5,6,7-TRIHYDROXY-8-METHOXY-FLAVONE 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
5,6-DIHYDROXY-7,8-DIMETHOXY-FLAVONE 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
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List of Activity Plants.
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Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Helianthemum glomeratum 3 0
Helianthus annuus Sunflower; Girasol 13 66, 730
Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem Artichoke 1 306
Helichrysum angustifolium Everlasting; Immortelle 1 0
Hemidesmus indicus Indian Sarsaparilla 2 0
Hesperis matronalis Dame's Rocket; Sweet Rocket; Damask-Violet; Dame's-Violet 2 0
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Chinese hibiscus; Shoe-flower 2 810
Hibiscus sabdariffa Roselle; Indian Sorrel; Jamaica Sorrel; Kharkadi; Red Sorrel; Sorrel; Malventee (Ger.); Rosella (Ger.); Acedera de Guinea (Sp.); Rosa de Jamaica (Sp.); Sereni (Sp.) 4 43, 450
Hibiscus syriacus Rose Of Sharon; Shrub Althaea; Hachisu (Jap.); Mukuge (Jap.) 1 0
Hierochloe odorata Sweet Grass; Vanilla-Scented Grass; Vanilla Grass; Seneca Grass; Manna Grass; Holy Grass 1 12, 000
Hippophae rhamnoides Sallow Thorn; Sea Buckthorn; Yellow Spine 4 52, 200
Holarrhena pubescens Tellicherry Bark; Zhi Xie Mu; Conessi; Kurchi 3 0
Hordeum vulgare Barley; Barleygrass 14 6, 602
Houttuynia cordata Fishwort; Dokudami; Yu Xing Cao 10 172, 800
Humulus lupulus Hops 17 7, 624
Huperzia spp Cutleaf Clubmoss 1 0
Hura crepitans Sandbox Tree 2 0
Hyacinthus orientalis Hyacinth 2 3.680000051856041
Hydnocarpus wightiana Hindi Chaulmoogra 2 0
Hydrangea arborescens Smooth Hydrangea; Hydrangea 5 0