An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Symphytum officinale

Symphytum officinale (Boraginaceae)

Common Names
Comfrey
How this plant is used
Medicinal
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
PHOSPHORUS 4 Root 2111.0 -0.25 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
POTASSIUM 14 Leaf 1870.0 17000.0 -0.59 *
POTASSIUM 14 Root 15900.0 0.01 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
PROTEIN 0 Leaf 15400.0 140000.0 -0.72 *
PROTEIN 0 Root 94000.0 -0.27 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
PYROCATECHINS 0 Root 24000.0 *
REDUCING-SUGARS 0 Root 51500.0 *
RESIN 0 Root *
RIBOFLAVIN 15 Leaf 0.8 7.2 -0.14 *
RIBOFLAVIN 15 Root 7.2 0.68 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
ROSMARINIC-ACID 57 Leaf 5000.0 -0.34 *
SELENIUM 60 Leaf 0.1 1.2 -0.29 *
SELENIUM 60 Root 5.7 0.04 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
SILICIC-ACID 1 Leaf 40000.0 *
SILICIC-ACID 1 Root *
SILICON 4 Leaf 1.0 9.0 -0.39 *
SILICON 4 Root 35.0 -0.18 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
SITOSTEROL 0 Root *
SODIUM 1 Leaf 12.0 110.0 -0.63 *
SODIUM 1 Root 3510.0 1.12 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Circulotonic 1 *
Clastogenic 2 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
CNS-Active 2 Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.
CNS-Depressant 2 *
CNS-Inhibitor 1 Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006.
CNS-Paralytic 2 *
CNS-Stimulant 1 *
Co-carcinogenic 1 *
Cold-preventive 1 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Collagen-Sparing 2 *
Collagenic 2 *
Collyrium 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Colorant 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Controlled 1 *
Copper-Antagonist 1 Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
COX-1-Inhibitor 2 *
COX-2-Inhibitor 3 *
Curaroid 2 De Smet, P.A.G.M., Keller, K., Hansel, R. and Chandler, R.F., eds. 1993. Adverse Effects of Herbal Drugs 2. Springr-Verlag, Berlin. 348pp.
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor 1 *
Cytoprotective 1 Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.