Plant Silybum marianum (Asteraceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

Milk Thistle; Lady's Thistle

How this plant is used

Generally Recognized as Safe

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
FIBER(CRUDE)	0	Leaf	not available	120000.0	-0.19	Duke, 1992 *
FIBER(DIETARY)	0	Leaf	not available	390000.0	0.19	Duke, 1992 *
FIXED-OIL	0	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
FLAVONES	0	Seed Coat	not available	36600.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
FRUCTOSE	8	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
FUMARIC-ACID	7	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID	22	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
GLUCOSE	7	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
GLUTAMIC-ACID	8	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
GLYCINE	12	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
HEPTADECA-1-8-15-TRIENE-11-13-DIYN-10-OL	0	Root	not available	800.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
HEPTADECA-1-8-15-TRIENE-11-13-DIYNE	0	Root	not available	1400.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
HEPTADECA-1-CIS-8-CIS-15-TRIENE-11-13-DIYN-10-OL	0	Root	not available	5.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
HEPTADECA-CIS-2-CIS-9-16-TRIENE-4-6-DIYNE	0	Root	not available	5.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
HEPTADECATRIEN-(1,8,15)-DIIN-(11,13)	0	Root	not available	1.4	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
HEPTADECATRIEN-(1,8,15)-DIIN-(11,13)-OL-(10)	0	Root	not available	0.8	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
HISTAMINE	18	Seed	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
IRON	6	Leaf	23.0	106.0	-0.65	Duke, 1992 *
IRON	6	Plant	not available	106.0	-0.61	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
ISOSILYBIN	0	Fruit	not available	4000.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Hypoglycemic	6	Ivorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989.
Hypolipidemic	3	Duke, 1992 *
Hypotensive	10	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
ICAM-1-Inhibitor	3	Duke, 1992 *
IKK-Inhibitor	2	Duke, 1992 *
Immunomodulator	6	Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Immunostimulant	5	Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Immunosuppressant	1	Martindale's 29th
iNOS-Inhibitor	4	Duke, 1992 *
Inotropic	3	Duke, 1992 *
Insectifuge	3	Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Insulinogenic	4	Duke, 1992 *
Interferon-Synergist	1	Duke, 1992 *
Interferonogenic	1	Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Iodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor	2	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Irritant	3	Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
JNK-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Juvabional	2	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Larvistat	1	Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.