An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Silybum marianum

Silybum marianum (Asteraceae)

Common Names
Milk Thistle; Lady's Thistle
How this plant is used
Generally Recognized as Safe
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
THIAMINE 0 Leaf 0.7 3.0 -0.54 *
TIN 4 Leaf 9.0 42.0 3.16 *
TIN 4 Plant 42.0 1.44 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
TRIAMINE 0 Seed Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
TRIDEC-1-ENE-3-5-7-9-11-PENTAYNE 0 Root 1.0 1000.0 -0.88 *
TRIDEC-1-ENE-3-5-7-9-11-PENTAYNE 0 Shoot *
TRIDEC-12-ENE-4-6-8-10-TETRAYN-1-AL 0 Root 400.0 *
TRIDECA-1-11-DIENE-3-5-7-9-TETRAYNE 0 Root 3.0 3000.0 1.73 *
TRIDECA-1-11-DIENE-3-5-7-9-TETRAYNE 0 Shoot *
TRIDECA-1-3-11-TRIENE-5-7-9-TRIYNE 0 Root 15.0 *
TRIDECA-1-3-11-TRIENE-5-7-9-TRIYNE 0 Shoot *
TRIDECA-3,5-DIENE-7,9,11-TRIYN-1-OL-ACETATE 0 Root 100.0 *
TRIDECADIEN-(1,11)-TETRAIN-(3,5,7,9) 0 Root 3.0 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
TRIDECADIEN-(3,5)-TRIIN-(7,9,11)-OL-(1)-ACETATE 0 Root 0.1 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
TRIDECATRIEN-(1,3,11)-TRIIN-(5,7,9) 0 Root 0.0 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
TRIDECEN-(1)-PENTAIN(3,5,7,9,11) 0 Root 1.0 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
TRIDECEN-(12)-TETRAIN-(4,6,8,10)-AL-(1) 0 Root 0.4 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
TYRAMINE 11 Plant *
TYRAMINE 11 Seed *
WATER 0 Leaf 780000.0 -0.14 *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Differentiator 3 *
Diuretic 9 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
DNA-Protective 1 *
Embryotoxic 1 *
Emetic 1 *
Emmenagogue 1 Wealth of India.
Encephalopathic 1 Martindale's 29th
Energizer 1 *
Ergogenic 1 *
Erythrocytogenic 1 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Essential 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Estrogenic 6 *
Ethanolytic 1 *
Expectorant 2 Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-91.
Febrifuge 1 Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
Fibrinolytic 1 *
Fistula-Preventive 1 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
FLavor 4 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide 5 *
Fungistat 1 Weidenborner, M., Hindorf, H., Jha, H.C., and Tsotsonos, P. 1989. Antifungal Activity of Flavonoids Against Storage Fungi of the Genus Aspergillus. Phytochemistry. 29(4): 1103-1105.