Plant Sambucus nigra (Adoxaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

European Alder; European Elder; European Elderberry; Elder; Black Elder

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
ISOAMYL-ALCOHOL	3	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ISOAMYL-AMINE	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ISOAMYL-AMINE	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ISOBUTYL-AMINE	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ISOQUERCITRIN	22	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
KAEMPFEROL	75	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
LACTIC-ACID	8	Fruit	not available	1800.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
LAURIC-ACID	7	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
LAURIC-ACID	7	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
LEVULOSE	1	Fruit	21000.0	29000.0	-1.00	Duke, 1992 *
LIMONENE	60	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
LINALOOL	53	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
LINOLEIC-ACID	27	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
LINOLEIC-ACID	27	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
LINOLENIC-ACID	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
LUPEOL	21	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
MAGNESIUM	65	Fruit	265.0	1635.0	-0.23	Duke, 1992 *
MALIC-ACID	15	Fruit	1200.0	19000.0	0.29	Duke, 1992 *
MANGANESE	14	Fruit	2.0	11.0	-0.33	Duke, 1992 *
MARGARIC-ACID	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Antiherpetic?	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antihiccup	1	Martindale's 29th
Antihistaminic	11	J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
AntiHIV	9	Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J. Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095.
Antihomocysteine	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antihydrophobic	1	Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart.
Antihyperactivity	1	Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antihypercholesterolemic	2	Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antihyperglycemic	1	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antihyperkeratotic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antihyperkinetic	2	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihyperlipidemic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Antihyperlipoproteinaemic	1	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antihypertensive	8	Duke, 1992 *
Antihyperthyroid	2	Duke, 1992 *
Antihypoglycemic	1	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiichythyotic	1	Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiimplantation	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antiimpotence	1	Martindale's 29th
Antiinfective	1	Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.