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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Sambucus nigra

Sambucus nigra (Adoxaceae)

Common Names
European Alder; European Elder; European Elderberry; Elder; Black Elder
How this plant is used
Food

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View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
PALMITIC-ACID 13 Flower *
PALMITIC-ACID 13 Leaf Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
PALMITIC-ACID 13 Seed *
PALMITOLEIC-ACID 2 Flower *
PALMITOLEIC-ACID 2 Seed *
PECTIN 24 Flower Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
PECTIN 24 Leaf 2300.0 -1.54 Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980.
PENT-3-EN-2-ONE 0 Flower Essent. Oil *
PENTACOSAN-1-OL 0 Flower *
PENTADECANOIC-ACID 1 Flower *
PENTADECENOIC-ACID 0 Flower *
PENTENOL 0 Leaf Essent. Oil *
PHENYL-ACETALDEHYDE 2 Fruit *
PHENYL-ACETALDEHYDE 2 Leaf Essent. Oil *
PHOSPHORUS 4 Fruit 540.0 3300.0 0.03 *
PLASTOCYNIN 0 Flower Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
POTASSIUM 14 Fruit 105.0 22090.0 0.37 *
PROPIONIC-ACID-ETHYL-ESTER 0 Flower Essent. Oil *
PROPIONIC-ACID-PROPYL-ESTER 0 Flower Essent. Oil *
PROTEIN 0 Fruit 19400.0 114910.0 0.07 *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Differentiator 1 *
Disinfectant 1 Martindale's 29th
Diuretic 14 *
DNA-Active 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
DNA-Protective 1 *
Elastase-Inhibitor 2 *
Emetic 4 Merck 11th Edition
Enterocontractant 1 J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
Enterorelaxant 1 J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
Ergogenic 1 *
Estrogenic 5 *
Estrogenic? 1 Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Expectorant 4 Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Fatal 1 Martindale's 29th
Febrifuge 1 Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
Fibrinolytic 1 *
Fistula-Preventive 1 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Flatugenic 1 Singh, J., Gupta, K., and Arora, S.K. 1993. Changes in the anti-nutritional factors of developing seeds and pod walls of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.). Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. 46: 77-84, 1994.
FLavor 15 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
FPTase-Inhibitor 1 *