Plant Sambucus nigra (Adoxaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

European Alder; European Elder; European Elderberry; Elder; Black Elder

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
CYANIDIN-3-SAMBUBIOSIDE	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CYANIDIN-3-SAMBUBIOSIDE-5-GLUCOSIDE	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CYANIN	5	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CYCLOARTENOL	7	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
DEXTROSE	1	Fruit	25000.0	30000.0	-1.00	Duke, 1992 *
EMULSIN	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
EO	0	Flower	37.0	3200.0	-0.32	Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
ETHYL-AMINE	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ETHYL-SALICYLATE	4	Leaf Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
FAT	0	Fruit	800.0	5045.0	-0.60	Duke, 1992 *
FAT	0	Leaf	not available	48200.0	-0.16	Duke, 1992 *
FAT	0	Seed	not available	123000.0	-0.75	Duke, 1992 *
FATTY-ACIDS	0	Flower	not available	2000.0	not available	Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
FERULIC-ACID	61	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
FIBER	15	Fruit	63000.0	392935.0	2.37	Duke, 1992 *
FLAVOXANTHIN	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
FRUCTOSE	8	Fruit	24100.0	154150.0	1.57	Duke, 1992 *
GLUCOSE	7	Fruit	31000.0	221410.0	1.45	Duke, 1992 *
GLUCOSIDES	0	Plant	not available	640.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
HENEICOSANE	0	Plant	not available	23000.0	1.41	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Antiallergic	11	J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
Antialopecic	5	Duke, 1992 *
Antialzheimeran	7	Duke, 1992 *
Antialzheimeran?	1	Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antiamblyopic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antianaphylactic	3	Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiandrogenic	4	Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antianemic	3	Duke, 1992 *
Antianginal	2	Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiangiogenic	3	Duke, 1992 *
Antianorectic	2	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antianorexic	1	Martindale's 29th
Antianxiety	2	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiaphthic	1	Martindale's 28th
Antiapoplectic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antiarabiflavinotic	1	Martindale's 28th
Antiarrhythmic	6	Duke, 1992 *
Antiarteriosclerotic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antiarthritic	10	Duke, 1992 *
Antiasthmatic	7	Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.