An official website of the United States government.
Common Names
European Butterbur
How this plant is used
Medicinal
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ISOPETASIN | 5 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| ISOPETASOL | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. |
| ISOPETASOSIDE | 0 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| ISOPETASYL-ESTER-ISOBUTYRATE | 0 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| ISOQUERCITRIN | 22 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. |
| LAURIC-ACID | 7 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| LINOLEIC-ACID | 27 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| MARGARINIC-ACID | 0 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| METHACRYLOYL-ESTER-NEOPETASOL | 0 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| METHACRYLOYLISOPETASOL | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. |
| METHACRYLOYLNEOPETASOL | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. |
| METHACRYLOYLNEOPETASYL-ESTER | 0 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| METHACRYLOYLPETASOL | 0 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| METHYLACRYLNEOPETASYL-ESTER | 0 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| METHYLMERCAPTOACRYLIC-ACID | 0 | Rhizome | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| MYRISTIC-ACID | 6 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| N-DOCOSANE | 0 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| N-DOTRIACONTANE | 0 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| N-EICOSANE | 0 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| N-HENEICOSANE | 0 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Insectifuge | 2 | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Insectiphile | 1 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Insulinogenic | 1 | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Irritant | 2 | Merck 11th Edition |
| Juvabional | 1 | Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. |
| Larvistat | 1 | Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. |
| Laxative | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Lipolytic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Lipotropic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor | 1 | Oszmianski, J. and Lee, C.Y. 1990. Inhibitory Effect of Phenolics on Carotene Bleaching in Vegetables. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38: 688-690. |
| Lubricant | 3 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| MAO-A-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Mast-Cell-Stabilizer | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Memorigenic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Metal-Chelator (Copper) | 1 | Seidel, V., Verholle, M., Malard, Y., Tillequin, F., Fruchart, J-C., Duriez, P., Bailleul, F., Teissier, E. 2000. Phenylpropanoids from Ballota nigra L. Inhibit in vitro LDL Peroxidation. Phytotherapy Research, 14(2): 93-98. |
| Metalloproteinase-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Metastatic | 1 | Science News, 146: 421. |
| MMP-9-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Mutagenic | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| NADH-Oxidase-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |