An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Plant Levisticum officinale (Apiaceae)

Common Names
Lovage
How this plant is used
Food
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
PALMITIC-ACID 13 Root not available not available not available Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
PENTACYCLOHEXADIENE 0 Root not available not available not available Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
PHTHALIDES 0 Root 700.0 12600.0 not available Duke, 1992 *
PRETAZETTINE 5 Stem not available not available not available Duke, 1992 *
PROTEIN 0 Fruit not available 200000.0 1.21 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
PSORALEN 31 Fruit not available 3.0 -0.46 Abstract (See species file)
PSORALEN 31 Root not available not available not available List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
RESIN 0 Root not available not available not available List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
SEDANENOLIDE 1 Root not available not available not available Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
SEDANOIC-ACID 0 Root not available not available not available Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
SEDANOIC-ANHYDRIDE 0 Root not available not available not available Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
SENKYUNOLIDE 0 Root not available not available not available Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
STARCH 5 Root not available not available not available List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
SUGAR 0 Root not available not available not available List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
TERPINEN-4-OL 23 Root not available not available not available Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
THUJOPSENE 2 Root 8.0 80.0 not available Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
TRANS-2-NONENAL 0 Root not available not available not available Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
TRANS-ALPHA-BERGAMOTENE 0 Root 12.0 125.0 not available Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
TRANS-ANETHOLE 8 Root not available not available not available Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
TRANS-LIGUSTILIDE 0 Root 240.0 2040.0 not available Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Peristaltic 1 Duke, 1992 *
Pesticide 43 Duke, 1992 *
Phagocytotic 2 Planta Medica, 56(6): 671, 1990.
Photoactive 1 Duke, 1992 *
Photocarcinogenic 1 Duke, 1992 *
Photodermatitigenic 2 Duke, 1992 *
Photosensitizer 1 Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Phototoxic 3 Duke, 1992 *
Phytoalexin 2 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Piscicide 3 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Poultice 1 Martindale's 29th
Preservative 1 Merck 11th Edition
Prooxidant 2 Duke, 1992 *
Propecic 1 Duke, 1992 *
Prostaglandigenic 2 Duke, 1992 *
Prostaglandin-Inhibitor 1 Duke, 1992 *
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 2 Chen, S. J., Wang, M. H., Chen, I. J. 1996. Antiplatelet and Calcium Inhibitory Properties of Eugenol and Sodium Eugenol Acetate. Gen Pharmacol, 27(4): 629-633.
Protisticide 1 Martindale's 29th
Psychoactive 1 R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Refrigerant 1 Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.