An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Foeniculum vulgare

Foeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae)

Common Names
Fennel
How this plant is used
Food
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
THREONINE 4 Fruit 6020.0 6604.0 1.49 *
THREONINE 4 Seed 6020.0 6604.0 -0.34 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
TIN 4 Fruit 11.0 -0.33 *
TIN 4 Seed 1.2 11.0 0.98 *
TOCOPHEROL 93 Fruit *
TOCOPHEROL 93 Seed Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980.
TRANS-1,8-TERPIN 0 Fruit *
TRANS-1,8-TERPIN 0 Seed Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980.
TRANS-ANETHOLE 8 Essential Oil 610800.0 0.71 Jim Duke's personal files.
TRANS-ANETHOLE 8 Flower Essent. Oil 412000.0 Jim Duke's personal files.
TRANS-ANETHOLE 8 Fruit 3030.0 72980.0 0.78 *
TRANS-ANETHOLE 8 Leaf Essent. Oil 218000.0 -1.70 Jim Duke's personal files.
TRANS-ANETHOLE 8 Plant 5550.0 -0.16 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
TRANS-ANETHOLE 8 Root Essent. Oil 16000.0 Jim Duke's personal files.
TRANS-ANETHOLE 8 Seed 3030.0 77400.0 0.18 *
TRANS-ANETHOLE 8 Seed Essent. Oil 500000.0 865200.0 1.00 Jim Duke's personal files.
TRANS-ANETHOLE 8 Sprout Seedling Jim Duke's personal files.
TRANS-OCIMENE 0 Fruit 20.0 330.0 1.00 *
TRANS-OCIMENE 0 Seed 20.0 330.0 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
TRIGONELLINE 15 Fruit *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Hypertensive 1 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Hyperthermic 1 HerbalGram No. 22 - Spring 1990, page 45.
Hyperthyroid 1 *
Hypertrichotic 1 Martindale's 29th
Hypnotic 3 Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp.
Hypoammonemic 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Hypocholesterolemic 21 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Hypocholesterolemic? 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Hypoglycemic 13 Ivorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989.
Hypolipidemic 4 *
Hypotensive 19 *
Hypothermic 4 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Hypotriglyceridemic 1 Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Hypouricemic 1 *
ICAM-1-Inhibitor 1 *
Ileorelaxant 2 *
Immunomodulator 10 Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Immunostimulant 11 Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 124.
Immunosuppressant 6 *
Inflammatory 1 *