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Common Names
Fennel
How this plant is used
Food
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| THREONINE | 4 | Fruit | 6020.0 | 6604.0 | 1.49 | Duke, 1992 * |
| THREONINE | 4 | Seed | 6020.0 | 6604.0 | -0.34 | USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae) |
| TIN | 4 | Fruit | not available | 11.0 | -0.33 | Duke, 1992 * |
| TIN | 4 | Seed | 1.2 | 11.0 | 0.98 | Duke, 1992 * |
| TOCOPHEROL | 93 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| TOCOPHEROL | 93 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980. |
| TRANS-1,8-TERPIN | 0 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| TRANS-1,8-TERPIN | 0 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980. |
| TRANS-ANETHOLE | 8 | Essential Oil | not available | 610800.0 | 0.71 | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| TRANS-ANETHOLE | 8 | Flower Essent. Oil | not available | 412000.0 | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| TRANS-ANETHOLE | 8 | Fruit | 3030.0 | 72980.0 | 0.78 | Duke, 1992 * |
| TRANS-ANETHOLE | 8 | Leaf Essent. Oil | not available | 218000.0 | -1.70 | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| TRANS-ANETHOLE | 8 | Plant | not available | 5550.0 | -0.16 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| TRANS-ANETHOLE | 8 | Root Essent. Oil | not available | 16000.0 | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| TRANS-ANETHOLE | 8 | Seed | 3030.0 | 77400.0 | 0.18 | Duke, 1992 * |
| TRANS-ANETHOLE | 8 | Seed Essent. Oil | 500000.0 | 865200.0 | 1.00 | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| TRANS-ANETHOLE | 8 | Sprout Seedling | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| TRANS-OCIMENE | 0 | Fruit | 20.0 | 330.0 | 1.00 | Duke, 1992 * |
| TRANS-OCIMENE | 0 | Seed | 20.0 | 330.0 | not available | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| TRIGONELLINE | 15 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Expectorant | 12 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Febrifuge | 1 | Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. |
| Fibrinolytic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Fistula-Preventive | 1 | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| FLavor | 36 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | 43 | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Fungiphilic | 1 | J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283. |
| Fungistat | 4 | Duke, 1992 * |
| GABA-nergic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Gastroprotective | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Gastrostimulant | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Genotoxic | 1 | Merck 11th Edition |
| Glaucomagenic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Glutathione-Depleting | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Glutathionigenic | 2 | Martindale's 29th |
| Goitrogenic | 1 | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Gonadotrophic | 1 | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
| Gram(+)icide | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Gram(-)icide | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |