Plant Cymbopogon nardus (Poaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

Ceylon Citronella, Citronella

How this plant is used

Generally Recognized as Safe

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Sort descending	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
1-CARVOTANACETONE	0	Plant	327.0	1284.0	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE	11	Plant	24.0	96.0	-0.50	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
ALPHA-PINENE	28	Plant	78.0	312.0	-0.26	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
ALPHA-TERPINEOL	23	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
BETA-PINENE	13	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
BOURBONENE	0	Plant	30.0	120.0	not available	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
CAMPHENE	9	Plant	150.0	960.0	1.04	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
CAMPHOR	41	Plant	15.0	60.0	-0.62	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
CARYOPHYLLENE	31	Plant	96.0	384.0	-0.07	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
CIS-OCIMENE	3	Plant	42.0	168.0	0.05	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
CITRONELLOL	15	Plant	252.0	1008.0	1.71	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
CITRONELLYL-BUTYRATE	1	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
D-CITRONELLAL	0	Plant	126.0	1800.0	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
D-CITRONELLOL-ACETATE	0	Plant	57.0	228.0	not available	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
D-CITRONELLOL-N-BUTYRATE	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
DELTA-3-CARENE	8	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ELEMOL	2	Plant	51.0	204.0	0.85	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
EO	0	Plant	3000.0	12000.0	0.17	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
ETHANOL	24	Plant	75.0	300.0	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
FARNESOL	17	Plant	6.0	36.0	-0.47	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Sort descending	Chemical Count	Reference
Acaricide	1 (View Chemicals list for Acaricide)	Duke, 1992 *
ACE-Inhibitor	2 (View Chemicals list for ACE-Inhibitor)	Duke, 1992 *
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor	4 (View Chemicals list for Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor)	Duke, 1992 *
Allelochemic	2 (View Chemicals list for Allelochemic)	Duke, 1992 *
Allelopathic	4 (View Chemicals list for Allelopathic)	Duke, 1992 *
Allergenic	11 (View Chemicals list for Allergenic)	Martindale's 29th
Allergenic?	1 (View Chemicals list for Allergenic?)	Duke, 1992 *
Analgesic	5 (View Chemicals list for Analgesic)	Martindale's 28th
Anesthetic	6 (View Chemicals list for Anesthetic)	Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Anhydrotic	1 (View Chemicals list for Anhydrotic)	Martindale's 29th
Anthelmintic	1 (View Chemicals list for Anthelmintic)	Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
Antiacetylcholinesterase	5 (View Chemicals list for Antiacetylcholinesterase)	Duke, 1992 *
Antiacne	6 (View Chemicals list for Antiacne)	Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Antiadenomic	1 (View Chemicals list for Antiadenomic)	Duke, 1992 *
Antiaggregant	2 (View Chemicals list for Antiaggregant)	Duke, 1992 *
Antiallergic	2 (View Chemicals list for Antiallergic)	J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
Antiasthmatic	3 (View Chemicals list for Antiasthmatic)	Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis., 4:203, 1982.
Antiatherosclerotic	1 (View Chemicals list for Antiatherosclerotic)	Duke, 1992 *
Antibacillary	1 (View Chemicals list for Antibacillary)	Duke, 1992 *
Antibacillus	1 (View Chemicals list for Antibacillus)	Duke, 1992 *