Plant Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

Orange

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
CADMIUM	3	Fruit	0.0	0.1	-0.24	Duke, 1992 *
CAFFEIC-ACID	102	Fruit	2.0	50.0	-0.33	Duke, 1992 *
CAFFEIC-ACID	102	Fruit Juice	not available	not available	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.
CAFFEINE	62	Bud	not available	0.3	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.
CAFFEINE	62	Flower	not available	62.0	1.10	Jim Duke's personal files.
CAFFEINE	62	Leaf	not available	6.0	-0.94	Jim Duke's personal files.
CALCIUM	28	Fruit	210.0	5615.0	0.41	Duke, 1992 *
CAMPESTEROL	2	Fruit	not available	40.0	-0.32	Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
CAMPHENE	9	Fruit	not available	0.1	-0.35	Duke, 1992 *
CAPRIC-ACID	3	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CAPROIC-ACID	1	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CAPRYLIC-ACID	5	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARBOHYDRATES	0	Fruit	99000.0	887125.0	0.56	Duke, 1992 *
CAROTENOIDS	0	Fruit	12.0	35.0	-0.50	Duke, 1992 *
CAROTENOIDS	0	Pericarp	12.0	35.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARVONE	19	Fruit	2.0	10.0	-0.50	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
CARYOPHYLLENE	31	Pericarp	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARYOPHYLLENE	31	Pericarp Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.
CASTASTERONE	0	Pollen Or Spore	not available	not available	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.
CHLORINE	7	Fruit	12.0	32.0	-0.68	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Bradycardiac	1	Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Bronchoprotectant	1	Duke, 1992 *
Bronchorelaxant	2	Duke, 1992 *
Bruchifuge	1	Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Bruchiphobe	3	Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Calcium-Antagonist	8	Duke, 1992 *
Calcium-Channel-Blocker	1	Duke, 1992 *
Calmodulin-Antagonist	1	Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor	4	Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Cancer-Preventive	46	Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide	15	Martindale's 28th
Candidistat	3	Duke, 1992 *
Capillariprotective	3	Martindale's 29th
Carcinogenic	5	Duke, 1992 *
Cardiac	2	Ozaki, Y. and Ma, J-P. 1989. Inhibitory Effects of Tetramethylpyrazine and Ferulic Acid on Spontaneous Movement of Rat Uterus in Situ. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(6): 1620-1623, 1990.
Cardiodepressant	1	Duke, 1992 *
Cardiomyopathogenic	1	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Cardioprotective	11	Duke, 1992 *
Cardiotonic	3	Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006.