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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Citrus aurantium

Citrus aurantium (Rutaceae)

Common Names
Petitgrain; Bitter Orange
How this plant is used
Food
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
LIMONIN 5 Plant *
LINALOL 0 Leaf 1990.0 2795.0 1.21 *
LINALOOL 53 Leaf 1990.0 2795.0 1.29 *
LINALYL-ACETATE 7 Flower 80.0 520.0 -0.45 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
LINALYL-ACETATE 7 Leaf 4429.0 5500.0 0.46 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
MAGNESIUM 65 Fruit 800.0 1730.0 -0.19 Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
MALIC-ACID 15 Plant *
MANGANESE 14 Fruit 8.0 -0.35 Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
MANNOSE 3 Plant *
METHANOL 2 Plant *
METHYL-ANTHRANILATE 2 Flower Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
MYRCENE 22 Flower List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
MYRCENE 22 Leaf 130.0 550.0 0.03 *
MYRCENE 22 Plant *
NARINGENIN 56 Plant *
NARINGIN 12 Fruit Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
NEOHESPERIDIN 6 Fruit *
NEOHESPERIDOSE 0 Pericarp Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
NERAL 4 Leaf 1.0 -0.39 *
NERAL 4 Plant *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Aromatase-Inhibitor 1 Journal of Medicinal Food 2: 235.1999.
Ascaricide 1 Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
Asthma-preventive 1 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Astringent 3 Merck 11th Edition
Ataxigenic 1 Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Bacteriostatic 1 Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis.
Bacteristat 2 *
Barbituate-Synergist 2 *
Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker 1 *
Beta-Blocker 2 *
Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor 1 *
Bronchoprotectant 1 *
Bronchorelaxant 2 Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Bruchiphobe 2 *
Calcium-Antagonist 5 *
Calcium-Channel-Blocker 1 *
cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor 1 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Cancer-Preventive 26 Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide 8 *
Candidistat 3 *