Plant Citrus aurantium (Rutaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

Petitgrain; Bitter Orange

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
FURFUROL	0	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
FURFUROL	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
GAMMA-ELEMENE	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
GAMMA-TERPINENE	11	Hull Husk	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
GAMMA-TERPINENE	11	Leaf	50.0	110.0	-0.16	Duke, 1992 *
GAMMA-TERPINENE	11	Pericarp	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
GAMMA-TERPINENE	11	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
GERANIAL	13	Leaf	not available	1.0	-0.41	Duke, 1992 *
GERANIAL	13	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
GERANIC-ACID	0	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
GERANIOL	35	Leaf	200.0	350.0	-0.07	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
GERANIOL	35	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
GERANYL-ACETATE	5	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books)
GERANYL-ACETATE	5	Leaf	not available	261.0	0.36	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
GERANYL-OXIDE	0	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
GERANYL-OXIDE	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
GUM	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
HESPERIDIN	31	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
HESPERIDIN	31	Fruit	700.0	2500.0	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
HESPERIDIN	31	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Anthelmintic	3	Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Anti-LDL	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antiacetylcholinesterase	9	Duke, 1992 *
Antiacne	10	Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiacrodermatitic	1	Martindale's 29th
Antiacrodynic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antiadenomic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Antiadhesive	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antiaflatoxin	2	Duke, 1992 *
AntiAGE	1	Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiaggregant	8	Duke, 1992 *
Antiaging	2	Duke, 1992 *
Antiakathisic	1	Martindale's 29th
Antialcoholic	4	Forest H. Nielsen, USDA, Grand Forks, various publications.
Antiallergenic	2	Yakugaku Zasshi, 111: 193, 1991.
Antiallergic	8	Duke, 1992 *
Antialopecic	2	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antialzheimeran	5	Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antialzheimeran?	2	Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antiamblyopic	1	Duke, 1992 *