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Common Names
Caraway; Carum; Kummel (Ger.); Comino (Sp.); Comino de prado (Sp.)
How this plant is used
Food
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DELTA-3-CARENE | 8 | Seed | 90.0 | 180.0 | -0.16 | Duke, 1992 * |
| DELTA-3-CARENE-EPOXIDE | 0 | Seed | 5.0 | 20.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| DIACETYL | 2 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| DIACETYL | 2 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| DIHYDROCARVEOL | 2 | Essential Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| DIHYDROCARVEOL | 2 | Fruit | 360.0 | 720.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| DIHYDROCARVEOL | 2 | Plant | not available | 950.0 | not available | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| DIHYDROCARVEOL | 2 | Seed | 200.0 | 780.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| DIHYDROCARVONE | 0 | Essential Oil | not available | 5000.0 | -0.51 | Duke, 1992 * |
| DIHYDROCARVONE | 0 | Fruit | 240.0 | 1500.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| DIHYDROCARVONE | 0 | Plant | not available | 230.0 | not available | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| DIHYDROCARVONE | 0 | Seed | 240.0 | 1890.0 | 1.22 | Duke, 1992 * |
| DIHYDROCARVYL-ACETATE | 1 | Fruit | 45.0 | 90.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| DIHYDROCARVYL-ACETATE | 1 | Plant | not available | 55.0 | -0.62 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| DIHYDROCARVYL-ACETATE | 1 | Seed | 45.0 | 455.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| DIHYDROPINOL | 0 | Essential Oil | not available | 2800.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| EICOSENOIC-ACID | 0 | Seed | 1000.0 | 1800.0 | -1.31 | Duke, 1992 * |
| EO | 0 | Fruit | 30000.0 | 70000.0 | 0.54 | Duke, 1992 * |
| EO | 0 | Plant | not available | 10000.0 | 0.02 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| EO | 0 | Seed | 20000.0 | 82000.0 | 0.49 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Protisticide | 1 | Meckes, M., Calzada, F., Tapia-Contreras, A., Cedillo-Rivera, R. 1999. Antiprotozoal Properties of Helianthemum glomeratum. Phytotherapy Research, 13(2): 102-105. |
| Psychoactive | 1 | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
| Psychotropic | 1 | Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. |
| PTK-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Quinone-Reductase-Inducer | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Renoirritant | 1 | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Respirainhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Respiraparalytic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Roborant | 1 | Merck 11th Edition |
| Rubefacient | 1 | Martindale's 29th |
| Schizophrenigenic | 1 | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Secretogogue | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Sedative | 15 | Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176) |
| Serotoninergic | 3 | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Soap | 2 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Spasmogenic | 5 | Fitoterapia No.59-1984. |
| Spasmolytic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Spermicide | 2 | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
| Spermigenic | 2 | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Sunscreen | 2 | Lazarova*, G., Kostova, I., Neychev, H. 1992. Photodynamic damage prevention by some hydroxycoumarins. Fitoterapia 64(2): 134-136, 1993. |