Mandragora officinarum | Plant | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

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Common name(s)

Mandrake

How used

Medicinal

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Activities: 105

Chemicals w/Activities: 7

All Chemicals: 18

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List of all chemical
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# Activity	Chemical Name	Part Filter by plant part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference
0	3,6-DITIGLOYLOXYTROPANE	Root	--	--	--	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
0	3-ALPHA-TIGLOYLOXYTROPANE	Plant	--	--	--	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
0	ALKALOIDS	Root	3000.0	4000.0	-0.73	*
2	APOATROPINE	Root	--	--	--	*
Antispasmodic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Respiradepressant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
51	ATROPINE	Root	10.0	20.0	-1.00	*
Allergenic * Analgesic * Anesthetic Martindale's 29th Anhydrotic * Antianoxic Martindale's 29th Antiarrhythmic 400-1,000 ug * Antiasthmatic Martindale's 28th Antibradycardic 300-600 ug/ims/man/day Martindale's 28th Anticholinergic 0.55 mg/kg orl mus Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. Anticholinergic 10 mg/kg orl rat Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. Antidote (Anticholinesterase) 2 mg/man/ims Martindale's 29th Antidote (Black Widow) Martindale's 29th Antidote (Lobelia) 2 mg scu Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Antidote (Muscarine) * Antidote (Mushroom) Martindale's 30th Antidote (Organophosphorus) 2-10 mg/ims/man Martindale's 29th Antidote (Poison Gas) * Antidote (Tetrodotoxin) * Antiemetic Martindale's 29th Antiemphysemic Martindale's 29th Antienuretic Martindale's 28th Antiherpetic * Antiiritic Martindale's 30th Antimuscarinic Martindale's 29th Antiparkinsonian Martindale's 29th Antiperistaltic * Antiperspirant Martindale's 29th Antipertussic Martindale's 29th Antipolio * Antisialogogue Martindale's 28th Antispasmodic Merck 11th Edition Antiulcer 500 ug/3 x/day/man Martindale's 28th Antiuveitic Martindale's 30th Antivertigo * Antiviral * Bronchodilator * Choleretic * CNS-Depressant Martindale's 28th CNS-Stimulant * Hyperpyrexic Merck 11th Edition Insecticide Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Mydriatic Merck 11th Edition Myorelaxant Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Neurotoxic R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. Paralytic * Pesticide * Psychotomimetic R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. Tachycardic 2 mg/orl/man Martindale's 28th Transdermal Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705. Tumorigenic Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Vasodilator Merck 11th Edition
1	BELLADONNINE	Root	--	--	--	*
Anesthetic-potentiator Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
0	CHRYSATROPIC-ACID	Plant	--	--	--	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
0	CUSCOHYGRINE	Root	--	--	--	*
0	FAT	Seed	--	226000.0	-0.21	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
27	HYOSCYAMINE	Root	2500.0	3500.0	-0.02	*
Analgesic Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd. Edinburg & London. 1457 pp. Anticholinergic 150-300 ug 4 x/day/man Martindale's 29th Antidote (Anticholinesterase) Martindale's 29th Antiemetic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiherpetic * Antimeasles * Antimuscarinic Martindale's 29th Antineuralgic * Antiparkinsonian Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antipolio * Antisialogogue Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antispasmodic * Antiulcer Martindale's 29th Antivertigo * Antivinous * Antiviral * Bronchodilator * Bronchorelaxant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. Cardiotonic * CNS-Depressant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. CNS-Stimulant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Mydriatic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Pesticide * Photophobigenic * Psychoactive Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd. Edinburg & London. 1457 pp. Sedative * Toxic *
4	MANDRAGORINE	Root	--	--	--	*
Anticholinergic * Bronchodilator * CNS-Stimulant * Mydriatic *
0	NORHYOSCYAMINE	Plant	--	--	--	*
0	PROTEIN	Seed	--	221000.0	-0.11	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
0	SCOPINE	Root	--	--	--	*
41	SCOPOLAMINE	Root	30.0	50.0	-0.75	*
Allergenic * Amnesigenic 600 ug/man/ivn Martindale's 29th Analgesic * Anesthetic Martindale's 28th Antianoxic Martindale's 29th Antiasthmatic * Anticholinergic 1.5 mg/kg orl rat * Anticonvulsant 5 mg/kg ipr mus Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. Antideliriant Martindale's 28th Antidote (Anticholinesterase) Martindale's 29th Antidote (Tetrodotoxin) * Antiemetic Martindale's 29th Antiherpetic * Antihiccup 300 ug/man/ Martindale's 28th Antiinflammatory * Antimanic Martindale's 29th Antimeasles * AntiMeniere's Martindale's 29th Antimuscarinic Martindale's 29th Antiparkinsonian Martindale's 28th Antipolio * Antisialogogue Martindale's 29th Antispasmodic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antispermatorrheic * Antiulcer Martindale's 29th Antivertigo 500 ug/3-days/transdermal Martindale's 29th Antiviral * Bronchodilator * Cardiodepressant * CNS-Depressant Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp. Cyclopegic Martindale's 29th Dermatitigenic * Hyperkinetic 1 mg/kg ipr mus * Hypnotic Martindale's 28th Mydriatic 1 mg/kg scu * Photophobigenic * Preanesthetic Merck 11th Edition Psychoactive * Sedative 0.5-1 mg/orl/man ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. Sedative 13 mg/kg scu rat Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. Tachycardic Martindale's 29th
44	SCOPOLETIN	Plant	--	--	--	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=6.2 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387 Allelochemic IC89=2 mM Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. Analgesic * Anesthetic Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. Antiadrenergic Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. Antiaflatoxin IC50=65 uM * Antiaflatoxin 11.4 ppm * Antiarrhythmic * Antiasthmatic * Antibacterial Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antibronchoconstrictor * Anticholinergic * Antiedemic * Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Antihepatotoxic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. Antiinflammatory ED 1-10 ug/ear * Antileukotrienogenic * Antimutagenic Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill Livinston, Edinburgh. Antioxidant * Antiproliferant * Antiprostaglandin * Antiseptic * Antispasmodic * Antitumor 2.9 ug/ml * Apoptotic * Bronchorelaxant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Cholagogue Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. Choleretic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. CNS-Depressant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. CNS-Stimulant Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd. Edinburg & London. 1457 pp. Cytotoxic * Fungicide 2 mM * Hepatoprotective Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. Herbicide Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Hypoglycemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 165 Hypotensive * MAO-Inhibitor * Musculotropic Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. Myorelaxant * Pesticide * Phytoalexin * Phytohormonal Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Uterosedative Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
0	SCOPOLINE	Plant	--	--	--	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
0	TROPIC-ACID	Plant	--	--	--	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.

^*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.

Plant Mandragora officinarum (Solanaceae)

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