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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Antispasmodic

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
P-COUMARIC-ACID Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
PAEONIFLORIN CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
PAPAVERINE ED50=4.55 uM *
PAPAVERINE EC50=2.8-16 uM Ortiz de Urbina, J.J., Martin, M.L., Sevilla, M.A., Montero, M.J., Carron, R., and San Roman, L. Antispasmodic Activity on Rat Smooth Muscle of Polyphenol Compounds Caffeic and Protocathechic Acids. Phytotherapy Research 4(2): 73, 1990.
PARTHENOLIDE *
PATULETIN Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp.
PATULIN Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
PETASIN 14 x papaverine Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
PEUCENIDINE *
PHLOROGLUCINOL 480 mg/day/orl man Martindale's 29th
PHTHALIDE *
PHYLLEMBLIN =ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp
PHYSOSTIGMINE-SALICYLATE CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
PINENE Fitoterapia No.59-1984.
PIPERINE Sabinsa: A series of well documented proprietary PR booklets,
e.g.Sabinsa Corps. 1998. Bronchial Asthma - Its etiology and control with traditional herbal extracts. Sabinsa Corporation. Piscataway, NJ. 49 pp.
PIPERLONGUMINE *
POTASSIUM Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID EC50=4.6-17 uM Ortiz de Urbina, J.J., Martin, M.L., Sevilla, M.A., Montero, M.J., Carron, R., and San Roman, L. Antispasmodic Activity on Rat Smooth Muscle of Polyphenol Compounds Caffeic and Protocathechic Acids. Phytotherapy Research 4(2): 73, 1990.
PROTOPINE Bruneton, J. 1999. Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants. 2nd Ed. Lavoisier Publishing, Paris. 1119 pp.
PROXIMOL *
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List of Activity Plants.
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Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Cornus officinalis Chinese Dogwood 2 20, 330
Corydalis spp Fumewort 4 0
Corylus americana American Filbert; American Hazel 2 0
Corylus avellana English Filbert; European Filbert; European Hazel; Hazel; Cobnut 7 68, 325
Costus speciosus Crepe Ginger; Wild Ginger; Cane Reed 1 0
Crataegus cuneata Hawthorn 4 12, 660
Crataegus laevigata Hawthorn; English Hawthorn; Whitethorn; Woodland Hawthorn 12 61, 300
Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn; English Hawthorn 7 40
Crataegus pentagyna Hawthorn 1 0
Crataegus rhipidophylla Hawthorn 12 15, 325
Crescentia alata Jicaro 1 9
Crocus sativus Saffron 13 265, 000
Crotalaria juncea Sunhemp 1 0
Croton eluteria Cascarilla 6 0
Croton lechleri Sangre de Drago; Sangre de Grado; Sangre de Dragon; Dragons Blood 9 0
Croton tiglium Purging Croton 1 0
Cucumis melo Cantaloupe; Melon; Muskmelon; Netted Melon; Persian Melon; Nutmeg Melon 10 310, 428
Cucumis sativus Cucumber 5 79, 576
Cucurbita foetidissima Buffalo Gourd 1 25, 300
Cucurbita maxima Pumpkin 1 2, 752