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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
7-O-ACETYL-8-EPI-LOGANIC-ACID Kohda, H., Tanaka, S., Yamaoka, Y., Yahara, S., Nohara, T., Tanimoto, T., Tanaka, A. 1989. Studies on Lens-Aldose-Reductase Inhibitor in Medicinal Plants.II Active Constituents of Monochasma savatierii FRANCH, et MAXIM. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37(11):3153-3154
8,9-DIHYDROXY-3-METHOXYCOUMESTAN 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
8-METHOXY-CIRSILINEOL 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
ACACETIN Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
ACACETIN-7-O-(6''-ALPHA-L-RHAMNOPYRANOSYL)-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE IC50=4.7 uM rat Yoshikawa, M., et al. 1999. Medicinal Flowers. I. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and Three New Eudesmane-Type Sesquiterpenes, Kikkanols A, B, and C, From the Flowers of Chrysanthemum inducum L. Chem Pharm Bull, 47(3): 340-345.
ACARBOSE 0.4 g/kg diet rat Cohen-Melamed, E., Nyska, A., Pollack, A., Madar, Z. 1995. Aldose Reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) Activity and Reduced-Glutatione Content in Lenses of Diabetic Sand Rats (Psammomys obesus) Fed with Acarbose. Brit J Nutr, 74(5): 607-615.
ACETOSIDE IC50=0.4 ppm Kohda, H., Tanaka, S., Yamaoka, Y., Yahara, S., Nohara, T., Tanimoto, T., Tanaka, A. 1989. Studies on Lens-Aldose-Reductase Inhibitor in Medicinal Plants.II Active Constituents of Monochasma savatierii FRANCH, et MAXIM. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37(11):3153-3154
ACETYL-TRISULFATE-QUERCETIN IC50=0.1 uM *
ACTEOSIDE IC50=0.39 uM Murata, M., Yamakoshi, Y., Homma, S., Arai, K., and Nakamura, Y. 1992. Macrocarpals, Antibacterial Compounds from Eucalyptus, Inhibit Aldose Reductase. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 56(12): 2062-2063, 1992.
AESCULETIN IC50=0.74 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
AESCULIN 10 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
ALLO-CYMENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
ALLOCRYPTOPINE IC50=27.9 uM rat Al-Khalil, S. 1996. Inhibition of Lens Alkaloids Reductase by Protopine Alkaloids. Saudi Pharm J, 4(1): 45-47.
ALPHA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
AMENTOFLAVONE IC25=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
APIIN Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
ARENARIOSIDE IC50=2.38 uM Andary, C. Caffeic Acid Glycoside Esters and Pharmacology. Polyphenolic Phenom, 1993: 237-245.
ASCORBIC-ACID Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
ASTILBIN 60 uM pig Haraguchi, H., Ohmi, I., Masuda, H., Tamura, Y., Mizutani, K., Tanaka, O., Chou, W. H. 1996. Inhibition of Aldose Reductase by Dihydroflavonols in Engelhardtia chrysolepis and Effects on Other Enzymes. Experientia, 52(6): 564-567.
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List of Activity Plants.
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Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Moldavica parviflora Small-Flowered Moldavica 2 210
Moldavica thymiflora Thyme-Flowered Moldavica 3 318
Momordica charantia Bitter Melon; Sorosi 4 97, 718
Monarda citriodora Lemon Mint 4 2, 099.2000000029802
Monarda clinopodia Clinopod Bergamot 3 584
Monarda didyma Beebalm; Oswego Tea 7 41, 350
Monarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot 5 39, 744
Monarda lindheimeri Lindheimer's Monarda 3 73
Monarda media Mean Monarda 3 382
Monarda punctata Horsemint 3 11, 868
Monarda russeliana Russel's Monarda 1 1, 802
Morinda citrifolia Indian Mulberry; Noni 3 6, 641.700000047684
Moringa oleifera Ben Nut; Drumstick Tree; Horseradish Tree; Benzolive Tree; Moringa; West Indian Ben; Jacinto (Sp.) 4 86, 975
Morus alba Sang-Pai-Pi; White Mulberry 14 256, 880
Mucuna deeringiana 1 0
Mucuna pruriens Cowage; Velvetbean 1 28
Muntingia calabura Cereso; Jamaica cherry; Yumansa 1 11, 385
Murraya koenigii Curry Leaf Tree; Curry Leaf; Indian Curry Tree 8 22, 713
Murraya sp None 1 596
Musa x paradisiaca Banana; Plantain 5 3, 952