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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
NEOASTILBIN 60 uM pig Haraguchi, H., Ohmi, I., Masuda, H., Tamura, Y., Mizutani, K., Tanaka, O., Chou, W. H. 1996. Inhibition of Aldose Reductase by Dihydroflavonols in Engelhardtia chrysolepis and Effects on Other Enzymes. Experientia, 52(6): 564-567.
NEPETIN ED50=1 uM *
NEPETRIN ED50=1-10 uM *
NEROLIDOL *
NEVADENSIN 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
ORAPOSIDE IC50=0.15 uM Andary, C. Caffeic Acid Glycoside Esters and Pharmacology. Polyphenolic Phenom, 1993: 237-245.
OROXYLIN-A IC50=52 uM rat Shin, K. H., Chae, Y. J., Chung, M. S., Lee, H. J. 1994. Effect of Flavonoids from Scutellariae radix on Cataract Formation and Polyol Accumulation in Rat Lens. Korean J Pharmacog, 25(1): 41-46.
OXYAYANIN-A IC27=10uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
P-COUMARIC-ACID 4 ug/ml (weak activity) Ichikawa, K., et al. 1991. Isolation and Structure Determination of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Traditional Thai Medicine, and Syntheses of Their Derivatives. Sankyo Kenkyusho Nempo, 43: 99-110.
PECTOLINARIGENIN IC25=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
PECTOLINARIN IC42=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
PENTABROMOPROPEN-2-YL-DIBROMO-ACETATE 4 ug/ml Sugano, M., Sato, A., Nagaki, H., Yoshioka, S., Shiraki, T., Horikoshi, H. 1990. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from the Red Alga, Asparagopsis taxiformis. Tetrahedron Lett, 31(48): 7015-7016.
PENTABROMOPROPEN-2-YL-TRIBROMO-ACETATE 4 ug/ml Sugano, M., Sato, A., Nagaki, H., Yoshioka, S., Shiraki, T., Horikoshi, H. 1990. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from the Red Alga, Asparagopsis taxiformis. Tetrahedron Lett, 31(48): 7015-7016.
PERILLOSIDE-A 0.1 mM/l rat Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
PERILLOSIDE-A 0.1 mM/l hmn (weak activity) Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
PERILLOSIDE-B 0.1 mM/l rat Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
PERILLOSIDE-C 0.1 mM/l rat Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
PERILLOSIDE-C 0.1 mM/l hmn (weak activity) Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
PERILLOSIDE-D 0.1 mM/l rat Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
PROTOPINE IC50=38.5 uM rat Al-Khalil, S. 1996. Inhibition of Lens Alkaloids Reductase by Protopine Alkaloids. Saudi Pharm J, 4(1): 45-47.
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List of Activity Plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column.
Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Ludwigia epilobioides Fireweed ludwigia 1 0
Ludwigia perennis Perennial ludwigia 1 0
Luffa aegyptiaca Luffa; Smooth Loofah; Vegetable Sponge 1 35, 988
Lupinus albus White Lupine 1 0
Lupinus luteus 1 0
Lupinus perennis 1 0
Lycium barbarum Barbary Matrimony Vine; Ning Xia Gou Qi (Chin.); Matrimony Vine; Common Matrimony Vine; Duke of Argyll's Eta Tree 2 0
Lycium chinense Wolfberry; Chinese Boxthorn; Chinese Matrimony Vine; Chinese Wolfberry; Gou Qi (Chin.); Lyciet de Chine (Fr.); Chinesischer Bocksdorn (Ger.); Daun Koki (Indones.); Spina Santa Cinese (Ital.); Kuko (Jap.); Kaukichai (Malays.) 9 20, 207
Lycopersicon esculentum Tomato 9 50, 976
Lycopodium clavatum Antler Herb; Clubmoss 4 0
Lycopodium selago Clubmoss 2 0
Lycopus europeus European Bugle 8 38, 335
Lycopus uniflorus One-Flowered Bugle 3 44
Lycopus virginicus Bugle 8 134
Lygos monosperma 1 0
Lygos raetum 1 0
Lythrum salicaria Purple Loosestrife 4 0
Maackia amurensis 1 0
Macadamia spp Macadamia 1 0
Macleaya cordata Plume Poppy 2 0