Plant Sambucus nigra (Adoxaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

European Alder; European Elder; European Elderberry; Elder; Black Elder

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
1-CAFFEOYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
1-CAFFEOYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
1-FERULOYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
2-METHYLHEPTANE	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
2-PHENYLETHANOL	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
20-BETA-HYDROXYURSOLIC-ACID	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
24-METHYL-CYCLOARTENOL	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
30-BETA-HYDROXYURSOLIC-ACID	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980.
ACETALDEHYDE	6	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ACETALDEHYDE	6	Leaf Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALKANES	0	Flower	210.0	70000.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-AMYRENONE	0	Bark	not available	178.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-AMYRIN	10	Bark	not available	379.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-AMYRIN	10	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-AMYRIN	10	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-AMYRIN-PALMITATE	5	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-HYDROXYBEHENIC-ACID	0	Bark	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-TERPINEOL	23	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ANTIRHININ	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ARACHIDIC-ACID	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Antitumor (CNS)	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antitumor (Colon)	8	Duke, 1992 *
Antitumor (Forestomach)	2	Duke, 1992 *
Antitumor (Gastric)	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antitumor (Kidney)	1	Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46.
Antitumor (Liver)	2	Duke, 1992 *
Antitumor (Lung)	6	Duke, 1992 *
Antitumor (Ovary)	2	Duke, 1992 *
Antitumor (Pancreas)	2	Duke, 1992 *
Antitumor (Prostate)	3	Duke, 1992 *
Antitumor (Skin)	4	Duke, 1992 *
Antitumor (Stomach)	3	Duke, 1992 *
Antitumor-Promoter	10	Cancer Research, 48: 5941.
Antitussive	3	Duke, 1992 *
Antiulcer	17	Duke, 1992 *
Antiulcerogenic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antiurethrotic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antivaccinia	1	Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 207.
Antivaginitic	2	Martindale's 29th
Antivaricose	2	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.