Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture

Plant Plantago major (Plantaginaceae)

Common Names
Common Plantain
How this plant is used
Generally Recognized as Safe

Select a Results View:

View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
XLSX
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
3,4-DIHYDROAUCUBIN 0 Leaf *
6'-0-BETA-GLUCOSYLAUCUBIN 0 Leaf *
9-HYDROXY-CIS-11-OCTADECANOIC-ACID 0 Seed *
ACETOSIDE 1 Plant *
ADENINE 11 Plant *
ALKALOIDS 0 Plant 1000.0 -0.41 *
ALLANTOIN 12 Plant *
APIGENIN 101 Leaf *
APIGENIN-7-GLUCOSIDE 0 Leaf *
ASCORBIC-ACID 112 Plant *
ASCORBIC-ACID 112 Seed *
ASH 0 Seed 18600.0 62000.0 0.42 *
ASPERULOSIDE 9 Flower 2.0 *
AUCUBIN 20 Leaf 10000.0 1.30 *
AUCUBIN 20 Plant 3700.0 2.96 *
AUCUBIN 20 Seed *
BAICALEIN 50 Leaf *
BAICALIN 40 Plant *
BENZOIC-ACID 20 Leaf *
BETA-CAROTENE 53 Seed *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
XLSX
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
11B-HSD-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
12-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor 2 (View) *
5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
Abortifacient 1 (View) *
ACE-Inhibitor 2 (View) *
Acidulant 2 (View) Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Adaptogenic 1 (View) *
Additive 1 (View) Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 12 (View) Kohda, H., Tanaka, S., Yamaoka, Y., Yahara, S., Nohara, T., Tanimoto, T., Tanaka, A. 1989. Studies on Lens-Aldose-Reductase Inhibitor in Medicinal Plants.II Active Constituents of Monochasma savatierii FRANCH, et MAXIM. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37(11):3153-3154
Algistat 1 (View) Grenand, P., Moretti, C., and Jacquemin, H. 1987. Pharmacopees Traditionnelles en Guyane. l'ORSTROM, Paris. 569 pp.
Allelochemic 1 (View) *
Allelopathic 4 (View) Holappa, L.D., and Blum*, U. 1991. Effects of Exogenously Applied Ferulic Acid, a Potential Allelopathic Compound, on Leaf Growth, Water Utilization, and Endogenous Abscisic Acid Levels of Tomato, Cucumber, and Bean. J. of Chemical Ecology, 17(5): 865.
Allergenic 8 (View) Martindale's 28th
Alpha-Amylase-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
Amphiglycemic? 1 (View) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Analgesic 9 (View) *
Androgenic? 1 (View) Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).