An official website of the United States government.
Common Names
Elephant Apple; Manzana De Elefante; Wood-Apple
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7-METHYLPORIOL-BETA-D-XYLOPYRANOSYL-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE | 0 | Wood | not available | not available | not available | Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981. |
| ASCORBIC-ACID | 112 | Fruit | 20.0 | 65.0 | -0.28 | ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
| ASH | 0 | Fruit | 19000.0 | 192300.0 | 3.51 | Duke, 1992 * |
| ASH | 0 | Seed | 50300.0 | 52290.0 | 0.13 | Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981. |
| AURAPTEN | 2 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981. |
| BERGAPTEN | 26 | Leaf | not available | 100.0 | -0.57 | Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981. |
| CALCIUM | 28 | Fruit | 1300.0 | 6540.0 | 0.62 | Duke, 1992 * |
| CALCIUM | 28 | Seed | 15800.0 | 16460.0 | 2.26 | Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981. |
| CARBOHYDRATES | 0 | Fruit | 74500.0 | 678690.0 | -0.56 | Duke, 1992 * |
| CARBOHYDRATES | 0 | Seed | 354900.0 | 369685.0 | -0.61 | Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981. |
| EO | 0 | Leaf | not available | 7300.0 | -0.37 | ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
| ESTRAGOLE | 12 | Leaf | not available | 6570.0 | -0.23 | ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
| FAT | 0 | Fruit | 6000.0 | 55770.0 | -0.22 | Duke, 1992 * |
| FAT | 0 | Seed | 270000.0 | 281250.0 | 0.08 | Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981. |
| FIBER | 15 | Fruit | 52000.0 | 170490.0 | 0.27 | CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses |
| IRON | 6 | Fruit | 6.0 | 20.0 | -0.45 | Duke, 1992 * |
| IRON | 6 | Seed | 300.0 | 312.0 | 0.75 | Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981. |
| ISOPIMPINELLIN | 15 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981. |
| MARMESIN | 0 | Bark | not available | 160.0 | not available | Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981. |
| ORIENTIN | 4 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | =ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Cold-preventive | 1 | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Collagenic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Contraceptive | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| COX-2-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor | 1 | Ringbom, T., Seguar, L., Noreen, Y., Perera, P., Bohlin, L. 1998. Ursolic Acid from Plantago major, a Selective Inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase-2 Catalyzed Prostaglandin Biosynthesis. J. Nat. Prod., 61(10): 1212-1215. |
| Cytotoxic | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cytotoxic (Breast) | 1 | Saqib, Q. N., Hui, Y. H., Anderson, J. E. and McLaughlin, J. L. 1990. Bioactive Furanocoumarins from the Berries of Zanthoxylum americanum. Phytotherapy Research 4(6): 216-219. |
| Cytotoxic (Colon) | 1 | Saqib, Q. N., Hui, Y. H., Anderson, J. E. and McLaughlin, J. L. 1990. Bioactive Furanocoumarins from the Berries of Zanthoxylum americanum. Phytotherapy Research 4(6): 216-219. |
| Cytotoxic (Lung) | 1 | Saqib, Q. N., Hui, Y. H., Anderson, J. E. and McLaughlin, J. L. 1990. Bioactive Furanocoumarins from the Berries of Zanthoxylum americanum. Phytotherapy Research 4(6): 216-219. |
| Demulcent | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Detoxicant | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Diuretic | 5 | Duke, 1992 * |
| DME-Inhibitor | 1 | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 134. |
| DNA-Binder | 1 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Elastase-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Estrogenic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Fistula-Preventive | 1 | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| FLavor | 1 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | 3 | Merck 11th Edition |
| Genotoxic | 1 | Merck 11th Edition |