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Common Names
Fennel
How this plant is used
Food
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| STIGMASTEROL | 12 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| STIGMASTEROL | 12 | Seed | 310.0 | 340.0 | -0.10 | Duke, 1992 * |
| STIGMASTEROL | 12 | Seed Essent. Oil | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| STIGMASTEROL-PALMITATE | 0 | Root | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| SUGAR | 0 | Fruit | 40000.0 | 50000.0 | -0.94 | Duke, 1992 * |
| SUGAR | 0 | Seed | 40000.0 | 50000.0 | -0.34 | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| SYRINGIC-ACID | 6 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| SYRINGIC-ACID | 6 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Rizk, A.F.M., The Phytochemistry of the Flora of Qatar, Scientific and Applied Research Centre, University of Qatar, Kingprint, Richmond, UK, 1986. |
| TARTARIC-ACID | 6 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| TARTARIC-ACID | 6 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Rizk, A.F.M., The Phytochemistry of the Flora of Qatar, Scientific and Applied Research Centre, University of Qatar, Kingprint, Richmond, UK, 1986. |
| TERPINEN-4-OL | 23 | Essential Oil | not available | 10300.0 | -0.52 | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| TERPINEN-4-OL | 23 | Fruit | 10.0 | 60.0 | -0.35 | Duke, 1992 * |
| TERPINEN-4-OL | 23 | Seed | 10.0 | 60.0 | -0.66 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| TERPINOLENE | 9 | Fruit | 10.0 | 60.0 | -0.36 | Duke, 1992 * |
| TERPINOLENE | 9 | Plant | not available | 230.0 | 1.29 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| TERPINOLENE | 9 | Seed | 10.0 | 60.0 | -0.74 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| THIAMIN | 31 | Fruit | 4.0 | 5.0 | -0.04 | Duke, 1992 * |
| THIAMIN | 31 | Plant | 1.0 | 11.0 | 0.29 | CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses |
| THIAMIN | 31 | Seed | 4.0 | 5.0 | -0.38 | USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae) |
| THIAMINE | 0 | Seed | 0.5 | 4.4 | -0.11 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Colorant | 1 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Comedolytic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| COMT-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Contraceptive | 2 | Martindale's 28th |
| Convulsant | 2 | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
| Copper-Antagonist | 1 | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Copper-Chelator | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cosmetic | 2 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Counterirritant | 3 | Martindale's 28th |
| COX-1-Inhibitor | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| COX-2-Inhibitor | 5 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Culicide | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cyclooxygenase-Activator | 1 | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cytochrome-P450-1A2-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cytochrome-P450-Inducer | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cytoprotective | 3 | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Cytotoxic | 10 | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
| Cytotoxic (Breast) | 2 | Saqib, Q. N., Hui, Y. H., Anderson, J. E. and McLaughlin, J. L. 1990. Bioactive Furanocoumarins from the Berries of Zanthoxylum americanum. Phytotherapy Research 4(6): 216-219. |