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Common Names
Caraway; Carum; Kummel (Ger.); Comino (Sp.); Comino de prado (Sp.)
How this plant is used
Food
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SERINE | 1 | Seed | 9460.0 | 10500.0 | -0.01 | Revised USDA data received 1993. |
| SFA | 0 | Seed | 6200.0 | 6880.0 | -0.51 | Revised USDA data received 1993. |
| SODIUM | 1 | Fruit | 149.0 | 212.0 | -0.16 | Duke, 1992 * |
| SODIUM | 1 | Seed | 149.0 | 340.0 | -0.18 | Duke, 1992 * |
| STARCH | 5 | Fruit | not available | 45000.0 | -0.39 | Duke, 1992 * |
| STARCH | 5 | Seed | not available | 45000.0 | -1.07 | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| STEARIC-ACID | 8 | Plant | 1100.0 | 1221.0 | -0.32 | Duke, 1992 * |
| STEARIC-ACID | 8 | Seed | 1000.0 | 1800.0 | -0.53 | Duke, 1992 * |
| STIGMASTEROL | 12 | Seed | not available | 310.0 | -0.14 | Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.) |
| SUGARS | 0 | Fruit | not available | 30000.0 | -0.76 | Duke, 1992 * |
| SUGARS | 0 | Seed | not available | 30000.0 | -0.67 | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| TANNIN | 35 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| TERPINEN-4-OL | 23 | Plant | 120.0 | 985.0 | 0.15 | Duke, 1992 * |
| TERPINOLENE | 9 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| TERPINOLENE | 9 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| THIAMIN | 31 | Fruit | 3.0 | 4.0 | -0.17 | Duke, 1992 * |
| THIAMIN | 31 | Seed | 3.0 | 4.0 | -0.62 | USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae) |
| THREONINE | 4 | Seed | 7560.0 | 8390.0 | 0.06 | Revised USDA data received 1993. |
| THUJONE | 17 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| THUJONE | 17 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Comedolytic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| COMT-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Contraceptive | 1 | Martindale's 28th |
| Convulsant | 2 | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
| Copper-Antagonist | 1 | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Copper-Chelator | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cosmetic | 2 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Counterirritant | 2 | Martindale's 29th |
| COX-1-Inhibitor | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| COX-2-Inhibitor | 5 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Culicide | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cyclooxygenase-Activator | 1 | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor | 4 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cytochrome-P450-1A2-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cytochrome-P450-Inducer | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cytoprotective | 1 | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Cytotoxic | 8 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Cytotoxic (Breast) | 1 | Saqib, Q. N., Hui, Y. H., Anderson, J. E. and McLaughlin, J. L. 1990. Bioactive Furanocoumarins from the Berries of Zanthoxylum americanum. Phytotherapy Research 4(6): 216-219. |
| Cytotoxic (Colon) | 1 | Saqib, Q. N., Hui, Y. H., Anderson, J. E. and McLaughlin, J. L. 1990. Bioactive Furanocoumarins from the Berries of Zanthoxylum americanum. Phytotherapy Research 4(6): 216-219. |
| Cytotoxic (Lung) | 1 | Saqib, Q. N., Hui, Y. H., Anderson, J. E. and McLaughlin, J. L. 1990. Bioactive Furanocoumarins from the Berries of Zanthoxylum americanum. Phytotherapy Research 4(6): 216-219. |