Chemical LIMONENE | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Chemical ID

LIMONENE

Ubiquitous

List of known dosages
Dosage	Reference
LD50=4,600 mg/kg (orl rat)?
MLD=5,000 mg/kg (orl hmn)	Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
LD50=5,000 mg/kg (orl rat)

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List of chemical activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Sort descending	Dosage	Reference
Acaricide	LC100=8 uM	Duke, 1992 *
AChE-Inhibitor	not available	Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Allelochemic	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Allergenic	1/20th carene	Duke, 1992 *
Antiacetylcholinesterase	IC22-26=1.2 mM	Duke, 1992 *
Antiadenomic	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antialzheimeran?	not available	Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antiasthmatic	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antibacterial	not available	Revista Itiliana Eppos, 12: 5, 1994.
Anticancer	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antiesophagitic	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antifeedant	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antiflu	not available	Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antilithic	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antilymphomic	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antimetastatic (Stomach)	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antimutagenic	not available	Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antiobesity	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antiseptic	not available	Duke, 1992 *

Plant Part

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List of chemical plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Plant Name Sort descending	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
Abies alba	Leaf	855.0	1197.0	0.8	Duke, 1992 *
Abies alba	Resin, Exudate, Sap	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Abies balsamea	Plant	720.0	1550.0	0.5	Duke, 1992 *
Abies spectabilis	Leaf	115.0	305.0	-0.1	Duke, 1992 *
Achillea millefolium	Leaf	1.0	170.0	-0.3	Duke, 1992 *
Acinos suaveolens	Shoot	not available	3700.0	1.6	Jim Duke's personal files.
Acorus calamus	Rhizome	10.0	1400.0	1.3	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Aeolanthus myriantha	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Wealth of India.
Aesculus hippocastanum	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	42000.0	-1.4	Jim Duke's personal files.
Agastache foeniculum	Plant	2.0	25.0	-0.5	Duke, 1992 *
Agastache nepetoides	Plant	not available	2.0	-0.5	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Agastache rugosa	Essential Oil	not available	not available	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.
Agastache urticifolia	Plant	not available	2464.0	1.0	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Agathosma betulina	Leaf Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Ageratum conyzoides	Shoot	not available	340.0	-0.2	R. Vera, (1993); Chemical composition of the essential oil Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) from Reunion, Flavour Fragr. J., Vol.8, 257-260.
Aloysia citrodora	Plant	42.0	1050.0	0.2	Duke, 1992 *
Alpinia galanga	Leaf Essent. Oil	not available	0.4	-0.7	Duke, 1992 *
Alpinia galanga	Rhizome Essent. Oil	not available	3500.0	-0.6	Duke, 1992 *
Alpinia galanga	Leaf	not available	50.0	-0.4	Duke, 1992 *
Alpinia galanga	Rhizome	1.0	165.0	-0.9	Duke, 1992 *