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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Silybum marianum

Silybum marianum (Asteraceae)

Common Names
Milk Thistle; Lady's Thistle
How this plant is used
Generally Recognized as Safe
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
(+)-TAXIFOLIN 0 Fruit *
(-)-SILANDRIN 0 Fruit *
1-2-EPOXY-TRIDEC-3-ENE-5-7-9-11-TETRAYNE 0 Root 0.2 *
2,3-DEHYDROSILYCHRISTIN 0 Plant J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991.
2,3-DEHYDROSILYCHRISTIN 0 Seed *
2,3-DEHYDROSILYMARIN 0 Plant J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991.
2,3-DEHYDROSILYMARIN 0 Seed *
3-DEOXYSILYCHRISTIN 1 Fruit *
3-DEOXYSILYCHRISTIN 1 Plant *
3-DEOXYSILYCHRISTIN 1 Seed *
3-DEOXYSILYDIANIN 0 Seed Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
4'-5-7-TRIHYDROXY-3'-5'-DIMETHOXY-FLAVANONE 0 Fruit *
4'-5-7-TRIHYDROXY-3'-5'-DIMETHOXY-FLAVANONE 0 Seed *
5,7-DIHYDROXYCHROMONE 4 Plant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
ALUMINUM 5 Leaf 59.0 267.0 -0.49 *
ALUMINUM 5 Plant 267.0 -0.23 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
APIGENIN 101 Fruit *
APIGENIN 101 Seed *
APIGENIN-7-O-BETA-D-(2''-O-ALPHA-L-RHAMNOSYL)-GALACTURONIDE 0 Flower *
APIGENIN-7-O-BETA-D-GLUCURONIDE-6''-ETHYL-ESTER 0 Flower *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
11B-HSD-Inhibitor 4 *
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor 4 *
5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor 2 *
Abortifacient 1 *
ACE-Inhibitor 1 *
Acetylcholinergic 1 *
Acidulant 2 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Adrenergic 1 Merck 11th Edition
Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor 1 *
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 9 Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
Allelochemic 1 Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Allergenic 5 *
Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor 1 *
Amphiglycemic? 1 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Analeptic 1 *
Analgesic 4 *
Androgenic 1 *
Androgenic? 1 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Anemiagenic 1 *
Anesthetic 1 Martindale's 28th