Pinus sylvestris | Plant | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

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Common name(s)

Scotch Pine

How used

Medicinal

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Activities: 613

Chemicals w/Activities: 189

All Chemicals: 397

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Exclude ubiquitous chemicals - View the list of ubiquitous chemicals

List of all chemical
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# Activity	Chemical Name	Part Filter by plant part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference
0	(+)-1,2-DEHYDROPINIDINOL	Plant	--	--	--	*
0	(+)-ALPHA-PINENE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
0	(+)-BETA-PINENE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
0	(+)-CAMPHENE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
0	(+)-CAR-3-ENE	Leaf Essent. Oil	--	--	--	*
30	(+)-CATECHIN	Plant	--	--	--	J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991.
ACE-Inhibitor IC50=0.155 mM/l * ACE-Inhibitor 0.24 mg/ml rbt (weak activity) * Antiaggregant IC68=200 ug/ml * Anticoagulant * Anticomplementary 1/2 aspirin * AntiHIV EC50=4 ug/ml * Antiinflammatory IC50=40-943 uM (cf indomethacin IC50=1 uM) * Antimutagenic ID50=50-100 nM Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp. Antioxidant * Antiperoxidant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiprostaglandin IC50=40-943 uM (cf indomethacin IC50=1 uM) * Antiradicular Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiulcer * Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker 10 uM (weak activity) Zhu, M., Phillipson, J. D., Greengrass, P. M., Bowery, N. E., Cai, Y. 1997. Plant Polyphenols: Biologically Active Compounds or Non-Selective Binders to Protein? Phytochemistry, 44(3): 441-447. cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor * Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Cardiotonic * COX-1-Inhibitor IC50=183-279 uM (cf indomethacin IC50=1 uM) * COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=546-5,910 uM (cf indomethacin IC50=1 uM) * Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor * Cytotoxic TC50=>100 ug/ml * Dermatitigenic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Hemostat Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Hepatoprotective Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Immunostimulant Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 124. Neuroprotective 1-10 uM * NO-Inhibitor IC11=250 uM * Phagocytotic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 124. Vasoconstrictor Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980. Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill Livinston, Edinburgh.
30	(+)-CATECHIN	Leaf	--	--	--	*
ACE-Inhibitor IC50=0.155 mM/l * ACE-Inhibitor 0.24 mg/ml rbt (weak activity) * Antiaggregant IC68=200 ug/ml * Anticoagulant * Anticomplementary 1/2 aspirin * AntiHIV EC50=4 ug/ml * Antiinflammatory IC50=40-943 uM (cf indomethacin IC50=1 uM) * Antimutagenic ID50=50-100 nM Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp. Antioxidant * Antiperoxidant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiprostaglandin IC50=40-943 uM (cf indomethacin IC50=1 uM) * Antiradicular Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiulcer * Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker 10 uM (weak activity) Zhu, M., Phillipson, J. D., Greengrass, P. M., Bowery, N. E., Cai, Y. 1997. Plant Polyphenols: Biologically Active Compounds or Non-Selective Binders to Protein? Phytochemistry, 44(3): 441-447. cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor * Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Cardiotonic * COX-1-Inhibitor IC50=183-279 uM (cf indomethacin IC50=1 uM) * COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=546-5,910 uM (cf indomethacin IC50=1 uM) * Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor * Cytotoxic TC50=>100 ug/ml * Dermatitigenic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Hemostat Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Hepatoprotective Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Immunostimulant Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 124. Neuroprotective 1-10 uM * NO-Inhibitor IC11=250 uM * Phagocytotic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 124. Vasoconstrictor Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980. Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill Livinston, Edinburgh.
30	(+)-CATECHIN	Bark	--	--	--	*
ACE-Inhibitor IC50=0.155 mM/l * ACE-Inhibitor 0.24 mg/ml rbt (weak activity) * Antiaggregant IC68=200 ug/ml * Anticoagulant * Anticomplementary 1/2 aspirin * AntiHIV EC50=4 ug/ml * Antiinflammatory IC50=40-943 uM (cf indomethacin IC50=1 uM) * Antimutagenic ID50=50-100 nM Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp. Antioxidant * Antiperoxidant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiprostaglandin IC50=40-943 uM (cf indomethacin IC50=1 uM) * Antiradicular Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiulcer * Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker 10 uM (weak activity) Zhu, M., Phillipson, J. D., Greengrass, P. M., Bowery, N. E., Cai, Y. 1997. Plant Polyphenols: Biologically Active Compounds or Non-Selective Binders to Protein? Phytochemistry, 44(3): 441-447. cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor * Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Cardiotonic * COX-1-Inhibitor IC50=183-279 uM (cf indomethacin IC50=1 uM) * COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=546-5,910 uM (cf indomethacin IC50=1 uM) * Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor * Cytotoxic TC50=>100 ug/ml * Dermatitigenic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Hemostat Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Hepatoprotective Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Immunostimulant Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 124. Neuroprotective 1-10 uM * NO-Inhibitor IC11=250 uM * Phagocytotic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 124. Vasoconstrictor Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980. Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill Livinston, Edinburgh.
7	(+)-GALLOCATECHIN	Leaf	--	--	--	*
ACE-Inhibitor * Antimutagenic * Antinociceptive * Antioxidant * Antithyrotoxic Wealth of India. Bactericide MIC 250 ug/ml Wealth of India. Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker 10 uM Zhu, M., Phillipson, J. D., Greengrass, P. M., Bowery, N. E., Cai, Y. 1997. Plant Polyphenols: Biologically Active Compounds or Non-Selective Binders to Protein? Phytochemistry, 44(3): 441-447.
0	(+)-LIMONENE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
0	(+)-PINIFOLIC-ACID	Plant	--	--	--	J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991.
0	(-)-ALPHA-CADINOL	Stem Essent. Oil	--	--	--	*
0	(-)-ALPHA-PINENE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
0	(-)-BETA-PINENE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
0	(-)-CAMPHENE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
38	(-)-EPICATECHIN	Plant	--	--	--	J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991.
5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50=22-50 uM/l * ACE-Inhibitor IC50=0.216 mM/l * ACE-Inhibitor 0.5 mg/ml rbt (weak activity) * Allelochemic Hanke, F. J., Natural Products as a Resource for Biologically Active Compounds, Thesis, U. Cal (Santa Cruz), 1986, 252 pp Antiaggregant * Antianaphylactic * Antibacterial * Antidiabetic 30 mg/kg rat * AntiEBV Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antihepatitic Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart. AntiHIV EC50=2 ug/ml * Antihyperglycemic * Antiinflammatory * Antileukemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antileukotriene * Antilipoperoxidant * Antimutagenic * Antioxidant IC50=6.3 ug/ml * Antiperoxidant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiviral EC50=2 ug/ml * Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker 10 uM Zhu, M., Phillipson, J. D., Greengrass, P. M., Bowery, N. E., Cai, Y. 1997. Plant Polyphenols: Biologically Active Compounds or Non-Selective Binders to Protein? Phytochemistry, 44(3): 441-447. Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Cardiotonic * Choline-Sparing * COMP-Inhibitor Dullo, A. G., et al. 1999. Efficacy of a green tea extract rich in catechin polyphenols and caffeine in increasing 24-h energy expenditure and fat oxidation in humans. Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, 70: 1040-1045. Cytotoxic TC50=>100 ug/ml * Hypocholesterolemic * Hypoglycemic * Immunostimulant * Insulinogenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 170. Lipoxygenase-1-Inhibitor IC50=60 mM * Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50=140 uM Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp. Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC97=5 mM Oszmianski, J. and Lee, C.Y. 1990. Inhibitory Effect of Phenolics on Carotene Bleaching in Vegetables. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38: 688-690. Pancreatogenic * Pesticide * Reverse-Transcriptase-Inhibitor 10 ng/ml McKenna, D. J., Hughes, K., and Jones, K. 2000. Green Tea Monograph. Alternative Therapies, 6(3): 61-82. Vasodilator uM McKenna, D. J., Hughes, K., and Jones, K. 2000. Green Tea Monograph. Alternative Therapies, 6(3): 61-82. Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC50=>40 Hatano, T., Yasuhara, T., Yoshihara, R., Agata, I., Noro, T., and Okuda, T. 1989. Effects of Interaction of Tannins with Co-existing Substances.VII. Inhibitory Effects of Tannins Related Polyphenols on Xanthine Oxidase. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(5): 1224-1229
0	(-)-LIMONENE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
0	(-)-T-MUUROLOL	Stem Essent. Oil	--	--	--	*
0	1,2-DEHYDROPINIDINONE	Plant	--	--	--	*
67	1,8-CINEOLE	Leaf	--	--	--	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
(-)-Chronotropic 87 nl/ml Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (-)-Inotropic 87 nl/ml Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Acaricide LC100=6 uM * Allelopathic * Allergenic * Anesthetic * Anthelmintic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=41 ug/ml * Antiallergic J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. Antibacterial 50 ppm * Antibronchitic * Anticariogenic * Anticatarrh Martindale's 29th Anticholinesterase IC50=50-70 * Antifatigue * Antihalitosic American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993. Antiinflammatory * Antilaryngitic * Antinociceptive * Antipharyngitic * Antiplaque * Antirheumatic * Antirhinitic * Antiseptic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antisinusitic * Antispasmodic * Antistaphylococcic 50 ppm * Antitussive * Antiulcer * Candidicide * Carcinogenic Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253. Choleretic * CNS-Stimulant * Convulsant * Counterirritant Martindale's 29th Cytochrome-P450-Inducer * Decongestant * Degranulant 0.3 ul/ml * Dentifrice Martindale's 29th Edemagenic inj * Expectorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. FLavor FEMA 1-200 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Fungicide * Gastroprotective * Gram(+)icide * Gram(-)icide * Hepatotonic * Herbicide IC50=78 uM Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. Hypotensive * Inflammatory inj * Insectifuge * Irritant Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. Myorelaxant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. Nematicide Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. Neurotoxic * P450-Inducer * Pediculicide 2.3 x pyrethrin * Perfume Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Pesticide * Rubefacient Martindale's 29th Secretogogue * Sedative * Spasmogenic * Surfactant * Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer * Transdermal * Trichomonicide LD100=1,000 ug/ml *

List of all activity chemical
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# Activity	Chemical Name	Part Filter by plant part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference

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^*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.

Plant Pinus sylvestris (Pinaceae)

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