Achyranthes bidentata | Plant | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

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Common name(s)

Chaff Flower

How used

GRAS

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Activities: 244

Chemicals w/Activities: 16

All Chemicals: 22

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# Activity	Chemical Name	Part Filter by plant part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference
2	ARSENIC	Root	--	0.3	-0.20	*
Anorexic Forest H. Nielsen, USDA, Grand Forks, various publications. Pesticide *
47	BETA-SITOSTEROL	Root	--	--	--	*
Androgenic * Angiogenic * Anorexic Martindale's 28th Antiadenomic Merck 11th Edition Antiandrogenic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Antibacterial Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155. Anticancer (Breast) Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103. Anticancer (Cervix) * Anticancer (Lung) * Antiedemic IC54=320 mg/kg orl * Antiestrogenic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Antifertility Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Antigonadotrophic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Antihyperlipoproteinaemic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiinflammatory * Antileukemic * Antilymphomic * Antimutagenic 250 ug/ml * Antiophidic 2.3 mg mus Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363. Antioxidant IC44=10 uM * Antiprogestational Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Antiprostaglandin 30 mg/day/12 wks * Antiprostatadenomic Merck 11th Edition Antiprostatitic 10-20 mg 3 x/day/orl man * Antipyretic Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. Antitumor (Breast) Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103. Antitumor (Cervix) * Antitumor (Lung) * Antiviral Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua. Plant Science, 75: 161-165, 1991. Apoptotic * Artemicide LC50=110 ppm Jung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990. Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Candidicide Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155. Caspase-8-Inducer * Estrogenic * Febrifuge Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. Gonadotrophic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Hepatoprotective * Hypocholesterolemic 2-6 g/man/day/orl Martindale's 30th Hypocholesterolemic 9-3,330 mg/man/day/orl Martindale's 28th Hypoglycemic Ivorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989. Hypolipidemic 2-6 g/day * Pesticide * Spermicide Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. Ubiquiot Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Ulcerogenic 500 mg/kg ipr rat *
0	BETA-SITOSTEROL-GLYCOSIDE	Root	--	--	--	*
14	BETAINE	Root	--	--	--	*
Abortifacient * Antigastritic Martindale's 29th Antihomocystinuric * Antimyoatrophic * Bruchiphobe Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Cardioprotective * Diuretic Wealth of India. Emmenagogue Wealth of India. Ethanolytic * Expectorant * Hepatoprotective * Lipotropic * Mucogenic * Pesticide *
28	CALCIUM	Root	1130.0	52200.0	4.91	*
Antiallergic 500 mg/day * Antianxiety Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antiarrhythmic 500-1,500 mg * Antiarthritic 1,000 mg/day * Antiatherosclerotic 500 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Anticlimacteric 1,000-1,500 mg/day * Antidepressant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antidote (Aluminum) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antidote (Lead) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antihyperkinetic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antihypertensive * Antiinsomniac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antimenopausal 1,000-1,500 mg/day * Antiobesity * Antiosteoporotic 500-2,000 mg/day * Antiperiodontitic 750 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. AntiPMS 1 g/day * Antirheumatic 1,000 mg/day * Antistress 500-1,500 mg/day * Antitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Anxiolytic 500-1,500 mg/day * Calcium-Channel-Blocker * Diuretic * Hypocholesterolemic 500 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Hypotensive 1 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Laxative 1,000-1,200 mg * Tranquilizer 500-1,500 mg/day * Vasodilator *
12	COPPER	Root	6.0	11.0	-0.08	*
Antianemic * Antiarthritic * Antidiabetic 2-4 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antifatigue * Antiinflammatory Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antinociceptive Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antiosteoporotic * Cardioprotective * Contraceptive Martindale's 28th Hypocholesterolemic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Immunomodulator * Schizophrenigenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
4	ECDYSTERONE	Root	--	--	--	*
Analgesic * Juvabional * Pesticide * Proteinogenic *
22	GABA	Root	--	--	--	*
Analeptic * Anticephalagic * Anticerebrotic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antichoreic 1-32 g/man/day Martindale's 29th Anticonvulsant 4,120 mg/kg ipr mus Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. Antihypertensive 1,000-4,000 mg/man/day * Antiinsomniac * Antilethargic * Antistress * Antitinnitic * Anxiolytic * Cardiovascular 208 ivn dog Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. CNS-Inhibitor 0.1 mg/kg ivn cat Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. CNS-Inhibitor 100 mg/kg ivn dog Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. CNS-Inhibitor 2,500 mg/kg scu mus Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. Diuretic 1,500-4,000 mg/man/day * Hypotensive 1,000-4,000 mg/day * Neuroinhibitor * Neurotoxic (to birds) Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Neurotransmitter * Sedative * Tranquilizer Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
5	INOKOSTERONE	Root	--	--	--	*
Abortifacient Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Anabolic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Analgesic * Juvabional Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Proteinogenic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
6	IRON	Root	150.0	180.0	-0.18	*
Antiakathisic Martindale's 29th Antianemic Martindale's 29th Anticanker * Anticheilitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antimenorrhagic 100 mg/day/wmn/orl Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Prooxidant *
65	MAGNESIUM	Root	1440.0	5730.0	1.69	*
Antiaggregant 400 mg/day * Antialcoholic * Antianginal 400 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antianorectic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antianxiety 400 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antiarrhythmic 400 mg/day * Antiarthritic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antiasthmatic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Antiatherosclerotic 400 mg/day * Anticephalagic * AntiCFS * Anticlimacteric 500-750 mg/day * Anticonvulsant Facciola, S. 1998. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, Vista CA. 713 pp. Anticoronary 400 mg/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Antidepressant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antidiabetic 400-800 mg/man/day * Antidysmenorrheic 100 mg 4 x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antiendometriotic 500 mg/day * Antienterotic * Antiepileptic 450 mg/day * Antifatigue * Antifibromyalgic 200-300 mg 3x/day * Antigastrotic * Antiglaucomic * Antihyperkinetic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antihypertensive * Antihypoglycemic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antiinflammatory 100 mg 4 x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antiinsomniac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antilithic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). AntiLyme 400-1,000 mg * Antimastalgic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Antimenopausal 500-750 mg/day * Antimigraine 200 mg/day/man Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antimitral-valve-prolapse * AntiMS * Antinephrolytic * Antineurotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antiosteoporotic 500-1,000 mg/day/wmn/orl * Antiplaque 500-1,000 mg/day * AntiPMS 400-800 mg/day/wmn orl * AntiPMS 400-800 mg/day/wmn/orl * AntiRaynaud's 280-350 mg/day * Antiretinopathic 400 mg/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Antispasmodic * Antispasmophilic 500 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antistress 500-750 mg/day * Antistroke 400 mg/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Antisyndrome-X 400 mg/man/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Anxiolytic 500-750 mg/day * Calcium-Antagonist * Cardioprotective * CNS-Depressant Facciola, S. 1998. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, Vista CA. 713 pp. Diuretic * Hypocholesterolemic 400 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Hypotensive 260-500 mg/day * Immunomodulator * Insulinogenic 400 mg/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Laxative 300-500 mg/day * Litholytic * Myorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Neurotransmitter * Tranquilizer 500-750 mg/day * Uterorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Vasodilator *
14	MANGANESE	Root	40.0	66.0	0.24	*
Antialcoholic Forest H. Nielsen, USDA, Grand Forks, various publications. Antianemic Martindale's 28th Antiarthritic * Antidiabetic 10-30 mg/man/day * Antidiabetic 3-5 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antidiscotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antidyskinetic Martindale's 28th Antiepileptic 450 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antiosteoporotic * Antiototic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antioxidant * AntiPMS * Antisyndrome-X 10-30 mg/man/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 Hypoglycemic 10-30 mg/man/day *
64	OLEANOLIC-ACID	Fruit	--	--	--	*
Abortifacient * Antiallergic * Antiarrhythmic 40 mg/kg * Antiatherosclerotic * Antibacterial MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml * Anticarcinomic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Anticariogenic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. Anticomplement IC40-50 0.01 mM/l gpg Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Anticomplement IC80-90 0.05 mM/l gpg Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Antiedemic IC36=40 mg/kg ipr rat * Antifertility * Antigingivitic MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml * Antihepatotoxic * AntiHIV IC50=21.8 ug/ml * AntiHIV EC50=1.7 ug/ml Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J. Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095. Antihyperlipidemic * Antiinflammatory 40 mg/kg ipr Aquino, R., De Feo, V., De Simone, F., Pizza, C., and Cirino, G. Plant Metabolites. New Compounds And Anti-Inflammatory Activity Of Uncaria tomentosa. Journal of Natural Products, 54(2): 453-459, 1991. Antiischemic 40 mg/kg Antileukemic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antileukotriene IC50=17 uM * Antimalarial IC50=70-89 ug/ml * Antinephritic IC50=19-24 uM * Antioxidant IC46=10 uM * Antioxidant Balanehru, S. and Nagarajan, B. 1992. Intervention of Adriamycin Induced Free Radical Damage. Biochemistry International 28(4): 735-744, 1992. Antiperiodontic MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml * Antiperoxidant IC30=200 ug/ml * AntiPGE2 IC50=24 uM * Antiplaque MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml * Antiplasmodial IC50=70-89 ug/ml * Antisarcomic * Antiseptic MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml * AntiTGF-beta IC50=19-24 uM * Antitumor * Antitumor (Breast) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antitumor (Colon) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antitumor (Kidney) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antitumor (Lung) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antitumor (Pancreas) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antiulcer >carbenoxolone * Antiviral EC50=1.7 ug/ml Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J. Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095. Antiviral IC50=21.8 ug/ml Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J. Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095. Aromatase-Inhibitor * Beta-Blocker * Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor ~100 mg/kg * Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Cardioprotective 40 mg/kg * Cardiotonic * COX-2-Inhibitor Ringbom, T., Seguar, L., Noreen, Y., Perera, P., Bohlin, L. 1998. Ursolic Acid from Plantago major, a Selective Inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase-2 Catalyzed Prostaglandin Biosynthesis. J. Nat. Prod., 61(10): 1212-1215. COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=295 uM/ * Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor * Diuretic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. Elastase-Inhibitor IC50=~15 uM * Hepatoprotective Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 211. Hypolipemic * Hypotensive * Immunomodulator * Leucocytogenic * NF-kB-Inhibitor * Phagocytotic * Piscicide ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor igs mus * Sedative * Uterotonic * Vasopressor *
0	PONASTEROSIDE-A	Root	--	--	--	*
0	POTASIUM-SUCCINATE	Root	--	--	--	*
14	POTASSIUM	Root	5000.0	20000.0	0.31	*
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker * Antiarrhythmic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antidepressant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antifatigue Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antihypertensive * Antispasmodic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. Antistroke * Anxiolytic * Beta-Blocker * Cardioprotective 3,000-5,000 mg * Cardiotoxic 18,000 mg/man/day * Diuretic * Hypotensive * Vasodilator *
0	POTASSIUM-OXALATE	Root	--	--	--	*
0	POTASSIUM-SUCCINATE	Root	--	--	--	*
1	SODIUM	Root	133.0	198.0	-0.42	*
Hypertensive Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
12	STIGMASTEROL	Root	--	--	--	*
Antihepatotoxic * Antiinflammatory Lawrence Review of Natural Products, 1995 Antinociceptive * Antiophidic 2.3 mg ipr mus Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363. Antioxidant IC33=10 uM * Antiviral Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua. Plant Science, 75: 161-165, 1991. Artemicide LC50=110 ppm Jung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990. Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Estrogenic * Hypocholesterolemic Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. Ovulant * Sedative *

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^*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.

Plant Achyranthes bidentata (Amaranthaceae)

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