Chemical CHOLINE | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Chemical ID

CHOLINE

Ubiquitous

Yes

List of known dosages
Dosage	Reference
LD50=200 (scu cat)
LD50=400 (ipr rat)
LD50=6,700 (orl rat)
MLD 70 mg/kg (ivn rbt)	Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
MLD 800 mg/kg (scu rbt)	Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
RDA=500 mg/day

Select a Results View:

Download these results as:

CSV

EXCEL

PDF

List of chemical activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Dosage	Reference
Antialzheimeran	5-16 g/man/day	Duke, 1992 *
Antichoreic	not available	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticirrhotic	6,000 mg/man/day	Duke, 1992 *
Anticystinuric	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antidementia	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antidiabetic	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antidyskinetic	150-200 mg/kg/man/day	Martindale's 28th
Antihomocysteine	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antimanic	15-30 g/man/day/orl	Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antinociceptive	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antisteatotic	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Cardiodepressant	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Cerebrotonic	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Cholinergic	not available	Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Hepatoprotective	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Hypotensive	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Ileorelaxant	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Lipotropic	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Memorigenic	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Parasympathomimetic	(1/1,000th acetylcholine)	Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.

Download these results as:

CSV

EXCEL

PDF

List of chemical plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Plant Name	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
Marrubium vulgare	Plant	2000.0	20000.0	1.3	Duke, 1992 *
Marrubium vulgare	Leaf	not available	2000.0	-0.4	Duke, 1992 *
Marrubium vulgare	Flower	not available	2000.0	-1.4	Duke, 1992 *
Marrubium vulgare	Shoot	not available	2000.0	1.9	Duke, 1992 *
Matricaria recutita	Flower	3400.0	3800.0	1.0	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Medicago sativa	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Medicago sativa	Tissue Culture	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Medicago sativa	Shoot	not available	1710.0	1.5	Duke, 1992 *
Mentha x piperita	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Menyanthes trifoliata	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Moringa oleifera	Fruit	not available	4230.0	0.3	Duke, 1992 *
Moringa oleifera	Leaf	not available	4230.0	-0.2	Duke, 1992 *
Morus alba	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Mucuna pruriens	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Nerium oleander	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Olea europaea	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Oryza sativa	Seed	not available	880.0	-0.7	Duke, 1992 *
Pachyrhizus erosus	Tuber	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Panax ginseng	Root	1000.0	2000.0	-0.2	Duke, 1992 *
Panax quinquefolius	Plant	1000.0	2000.0	-1.2	Duke, 1992 *