An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Biological Activity Immunomodulator

List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
GINKGOLIDES not available Duke, 1992 *
GINSENOSIDES not available Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
GLYCYRRHIZAN-UC not available Duke, 1992 *
INOSINE not available Duke, 1992 *
IRILONE not available Duke, 1992 *
LIMONENE not available Duke, 1992 *
LINOLEIC-ACID not available Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
MAGNESIUM not available Duke, 1992 *
OLEANOLIC-ACID not available Duke, 1992 *
OPC not available Duke, 1992 *
OPCS not available Duke, 1992 *
PAEONOL not available Duke, 1992 *
ROSMARINIC-ACID not available Duke, 1992 *
RUTIN not available Duke, 1992 *
SAIKOSAPONIN not available Duke, 1992 *
SANCHINAN-A not available Duke, 1992 *
SAPONINS not available Duke, 1992 *
SELENIUM not available Duke, 1992 *
SWAINSONINE not available Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
SYRINGIN not available Duke, 1992 *
List of Activity Plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column.
Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Akebia quinata Chocolate Vine 5 857
Albizia julibrissin Mimosa 3 1, 104
Albizia lebbeck East Indian Walnut; Siris Tree; Frywood; Koko; Lebbek; Lebbek Tree; Women's-Tongue Tree 2 119
Aleurites moluccana Candlenut; Candleberry; Candlenut Tree; Indian Walnut; Lumbangtree; Varnishtree 2 2, 007, 900
Alisma plantago-aquatica Mud Plantain; Tse-Hsieh; Water Plantain; Ze-Xie 4 7, 292
Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard 2 48, 400
Allium ampeloprasum Elephant Garlic; Kurrat 5 13, 254
Allium cepa Onion; Shallot 12 1, 434, 370.0060019074
Allium sativum var. sativum Garlic 12 21, 165.200000047684
Allium schoenoprasum Chives 4 44, 524
Alocasia macrorrhiza Giant Taro 4 2, 425.4000000953674
Aloe spp. Aloe 5 7, 193.399999976158
Aloe vera Bitter Aloes; Aloe 7 15, 924.599999904633
Aloysia citrodora Lemon Verbena 1 1, 050
Alpinia galanga Greater Galangal; Siamese Ginger; Languas 2 16, 678.20000001788
Alpinia officinarum Lesser Galangal; Chinese Ginger 1 0
Althaea officinalis Marshmallow; White Mallow 7 198, 929.59999990463
Amaranthus sp. Pigweed 5 13, 006
Amaranthus spinosus Spiny pigweed 2 5, 030
Ammi visnaga Visnaga 1 0