An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Biological Activity Hepatoprotective

List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
NARINGENIN IC50=3.37 ppm Duke, 1992 *
NIACIN not available Duke, 1992 *
OLEANOLIC-ACID not available Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 211.
P-COUMAROYL-FERULOYL-METHANE not available Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
PANGAMIC-ACID not available Duke, 1992 *
PAPYRIOGENIN not available Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa. 742 pp.
PICEID not available Fitoterapia No.5-1986.
PICROSIDE-I not available Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 207.
PICROSIDE-II not available Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 207.
PIPERINE not available Duke, 1992 *
POLYDATIN not available Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
POLYPHENOLS not available Duke, 1992 *
PROANTHOCYANIDINS not available Duke, 1992 *
PROPAPYRIOGENIN not available Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 211.
PUERARIN not available Duke, 1992 *
PUNICALAGIN not available Duke, 1992 *
PUNICALIN not available Duke, 1992 *
QUERCETIN not available Duke, 1992 *
RESERPINE not available Duke, 1992 *
RESVERATROL not available Duke, 1992 *
List of Activity Plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column.
Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Rosmarinus eriocalyx Rosemary 1 490
Rosmarinus officinalis Rosemary 15 943, 887.5
Rosmarinus tomentosus Hairy Rosemary 1 555
Rosmarinus x lavandulaceus Lavender Rosemary 1 345
Rosmarinus x mendizabalii Mendizabali's Rosemary 1 165
Rubia cordifolia Madder 2 0
Rubus fruticosus Blackberry 5 0
Rubus idaeus Red Raspberry; Raspberry 14 284, 532.8000000119
Rubus phoenicolasius Wineberry; Wine Raspberry; Japanese Wineberry 1 0
Ruellia tuberosa not available 1 0
Rumex acetosa Garden Sorrel 5 13, 720
Rumex acetosella Sheep Sorrel 3 145, 420
Rumex crispus Curly Dock; Lengua De Vaca; Yellow Dock; Sour Dock 7 240, 432
Rumex hymenosepalus Canaigre 1 350, 000
Ruscus aculeatus Butcher's Broom; Box-Holly 3 1, 762.8000030517578
Ruta graveolens Rue 6 20, 000
Salix alba White Willow 6 120, 099
Salix sp. not available 1 0
Salvia canariensis Canary Island Sage 2 160.10000000149012
Salvia officinalis Sage 16 655, 711