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Common Names
Fennel
How this plant is used
Food
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARGININE | 14 | Seed | 6800.0 | 7460.0 | -0.73 | USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae) |
| ASCORBIC-ACID | 112 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| ASCORBIC-ACID | 112 | Leaf | not available | 123600.0 | 11.02 | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| ASCORBIC-ACID | 112 | Plant | 340.0 | 3148.0 | 0.15 | CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses |
| ASCORBIC-ACID | 112 | Seed | not available | 0.0 | -0.34 | Duke, 1992 * |
| ASH | 0 | Fruit | 79600.0 | 93026.0 | 0.94 | Duke, 1992 * |
| ASH | 0 | Plant | 17000.0 | 170000.0 | 0.89 | CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses |
| ASH | 0 | Seed | 9720.0 | 90000.0 | 1.27 | Duke, 1992 * |
| ASPARTIC-ACID | 3 | Fruit | 18333.0 | 20111.0 | 1.31 | Duke, 1992 * |
| ASPARTIC-ACID | 3 | Seed | 18333.0 | 20111.0 | -0.22 | USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae) |
| AVICULARIN | 7 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books) |
| BENZOIC-ACID | 20 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BENZOIC-ACID | 20 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Rizk, A.F.M., The Phytochemistry of the Flora of Qatar, Scientific and Applied Research Centre, University of Qatar, Kingprint, Richmond, UK, 1986. |
| BERGAPTEN | 26 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BERGAPTEN | 26 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BETA-CAROTENE | 53 | Fruit | 0.0 | 1.0 | -0.15 | Duke, 1992 * |
| BETA-CAROTENE | 53 | Plant | 21.0 | 241.0 | 0.58 | CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses |
| BETA-CAROTENE | 53 | Seed | 0.1 | 0.9 | -0.37 | Duke, 1992 * |
| BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE | 0 | Essential Oil | not available | 200.0 | -0.69 | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| BETA-FENCHOL-ACETATE | 0 | Essential Oil | 1000.0 | 6000.0 | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Expectorant | 12 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Febrifuge | 1 | Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. |
| Fibrinolytic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Fistula-Preventive | 1 | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| FLavor | 36 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | 43 | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Fungiphilic | 1 | J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283. |
| Fungistat | 4 | Duke, 1992 * |
| GABA-nergic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Gastroprotective | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Gastrostimulant | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Genotoxic | 1 | Merck 11th Edition |
| Glaucomagenic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Glutathione-Depleting | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Glutathionigenic | 2 | Martindale's 29th |
| Goitrogenic | 1 | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Gonadotrophic | 1 | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
| Gram(+)icide | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Gram(-)icide | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |