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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Foeniculum vulgare

Foeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae)

Common Names
Fennel
How this plant is used
Food
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
CIS-OCIMENE 3 Fruit 40.0 600.0 1.00 *
CIS-OCIMENE 3 Seed 40.0 600.0 1.00 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
CITRAL 53 Seed Essent. Oil Jim Duke's personal files.
CITRIC-ACID 23 Fruit *
CITRIC-ACID 23 Seed Rizk, A.F.M., The Phytochemistry of the Flora of Qatar, Scientific and Applied Research Centre, University of Qatar, Kingprint, Richmond, UK, 1986.
CITRONELLAL 20 Seed Essent. Oil Jim Duke's personal files.
CITRONELLOL 15 Essential Oil 2800.0 -0.77 Jim Duke's personal files.
COBALT 2 Fruit 1.0 31.0 3.22 *
COBALT 2 Seed 0.3 3.1 -0.07 *
COLUMBIANETIN 0 Fruit *
COLUMBIANETIN 0 Seed *
COPPER 12 Fruit 8.0 24.0 0.87 *
COPPER 12 Seed 8.0 24.0 0.83 *
CYNARIN 23 Plant List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
CYNAROSIDE 3 Leaf Jim Duke's personal files.
CYSTINE 2 Fruit 2220.0 2435.0 1.46 *
CYSTINE 2 Seed 2220.0 2435.0 -0.50 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
D-LIMONENE 19 Fruit *
D-LIMONENE 19 Seed Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books)
DI-P-METHOXYSTILBENE 0 Plant *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
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EXCEL
PDF
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Colorant 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Comedolytic 1 *
COMT-Inhibitor 1 *
Contraceptive 2 Martindale's 28th
Convulsant 2 R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Copper-Antagonist 1 Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Copper-Chelator 2 *
Cosmetic 2 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Counterirritant 3 Martindale's 28th
COX-1-Inhibitor 2 *
COX-2-Inhibitor 5 *
Culicide 1 *
Cyclooxygenase-Activator 1 Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor 2 *
Cytochrome-P450-1A2-Inhibitor 1 *
Cytochrome-P450-Inducer 1 *
Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor 2 *
Cytoprotective 3 Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Cytotoxic 10 Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Cytotoxic (Breast) 2 Saqib, Q. N., Hui, Y. H., Anderson, J. E. and McLaughlin, J. L. 1990. Bioactive Furanocoumarins from the Berries of Zanthoxylum americanum. Phytotherapy Research 4(6): 216-219.