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Common Names
Artichoke
How this plant is used
Food
Subspecies
cardunculus
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,3-DI-O-CAFFEOYLQUINIC-ACID | 0 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980. |
| 1,4-DICAFFEOYLQUINIC-ACID | 1 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| 1,5-DI-O-CAFFEOYLQUINIC-ACID | 0 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980. |
| 1-CAFFEOYLQUINIC-ACID | 0 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| 11,13-DIHYDROXY-8-DEOXYGROSHEIMIN | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| 13-CHLORO-11-HYDROXY-8-DEOXYGROSHEIMIN | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| 3,5-DI-O-CAFFEOYLQUINIC-ACID | 3 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| 3-CAFFEOYLQUINIC-ACID | 0 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| 4,5-DICAFFEOYL-QUINIC-ACID | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| 4-CAFFEOYLQUINIC-ACID | 0 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| 5-CAFFEOYLQUINIC-ACID | 0 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| 8-EPIGROSHEIMIN | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| AESCULETIN-6-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| ALPHA-CADRENE | 0 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| APIGENIN | 101 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| APIGENIN-4',7-DIGLUCOSIDE | 0 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| APIGENIN-7-O-RUTINOSIDE | 1 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| APIGENIN-7-O-RUTINOSIDE | 1 | Stem | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| APIGENIN-7-RUTINOSIDE | 0 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| APIGENIN-7-RUTINOSIDE | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| 11B-HSD-Inhibitor | 3 | Duke, 1992 * |
| 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor | 4 | Duke, 1992 * |
| 5-HT-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Acaricide | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| ACE-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Acidulant | 1 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Alcohol-Dehydrogenase-Inhibitor | 1 | Martindale's 29th |
| Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | 12 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Allelochemic | 4 | Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. |
| Allelopathic | 1 | Holappa, L.D., and Blum*, U. 1991. Effects of Exogenously Applied Ferulic Acid, a Potential Allelopathic Compound, on Leaf Growth, Water Utilization, and Endogenous Abscisic Acid Levels of Tomato, Cucumber, and Bean. J. of Chemical Ecology, 17(5): 865. |
| Allergenic | 10 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Analgesic | 11 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Androgenic | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Androgenic? | 1 | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Anemiagenic | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Anesthetic | 2 | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
| Angiogenic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |