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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Cichorium endivia

Cichorium endivia (Asteraceae)

Common Names
Endive; Escarole
How this plant is used
Food
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
ALANINE 3 Leaf 620.0 9984.0 -0.61 *
ALPHA-LINOLENIC-ACID 15 Leaf 130.0 2093.0 -0.90 *
ALUMINUM 5 Leaf 60.0 168.0 -0.60 *
ARGININE 14 Leaf 620.0 9984.0 -0.63 *
ARSENIC 2 Leaf 0.0 0.0 -0.60 *
ASCORBIC-ACID 112 Leaf 462.0 9302.0 0.42 *
ASH 0 Leaf 13590.0 240000.0 2.13 *
ASPARTIC-ACID 3 Leaf 1300.0 20934.0 -0.38 *
BARIUM 0 Leaf 14.0 24.0 -0.98 *
BETA-CAROTENE 53 Leaf 9.6 241.0 -0.09 *
BETA-LACTUCEROL 0 Latex Exudate *
BORON 4 Leaf 1.0 24.0 -1.01 *
CADMIUM 3 Leaf 0.2 0.2 -0.76 *
CAFFEIC-ACID 102 Leaf *
CALCIUM 28 Leaf 462.0 10080.0 -0.57 *
CAOUTCHOUC 0 Latex Exudate *
CARBOHYDRATES 0 Leaf 33500.0 539452.0 -0.58 *
CHROMIUM 24 Leaf 0.3 0.5 -0.61 *
COBALT 2 Leaf 0.2 0.2 -0.30 *
COPPER 12 Leaf 1.0 16.8 -0.30 *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Proliferant 1 *
Prooxidant 3 *
Propecic 5 *
Prostaglandigenic 1 *
Prostaglandin-Sparer 1 Fujita, T., Nakatani, E., Funaishi, N., Sakuma, S., Fujimoto, Y. Potent inhibition of prostaglandin inactivation in rabbit gastric antral mucosal slices by selenium ions in-vitro. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 655-657, 1990.
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 2 Ferretti, A., Flanagan, V. P. 1996. Antithromboxane Activity of Dietary Alpha-linolenic Acid: A Pilot Study. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Essential Fatty Acids, 54(6): 451-455. ARS, USDA.
Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor 2 Naim, M., Zehavi, U., Nagy, S., and Rouseff, R.L. Hydroxycinnamic Acids as Off-Flavor Precursors in Citrus Fruits and Their Products. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.14.
PTK-Inhibitor 1 *
Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 1 Uda, Y., Price, K. R., Williamson, G., Rhodes, M. J. C. 1997. Induction of the Anticarcinogenic Marker Enzyme, Quinone Reductase, in Murine Hepatoma Cells In Vitro by Flavonoids. Cancer Lett., 120 (2): 213-216.
Roborant 1 Merck 11th Edition
Scabicide 1 Martindale's 29th
Schizophrenigenic 1 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Sedative 3 *
Serotoninergic 2 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Soap 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Spermigenic 2 Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Sunscreen 1 Lazarova*, G., Kostova, I., Neychev, H. 1992. Photodynamic damage prevention by some hydroxycoumarins. Fitoterapia 64(2): 134-136, 1993.
Suppository 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Teratologic 1 *
Testosteronigenic 1 Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.