Spinacia oleracea | Plant | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

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Common name(s)

Spinach

How used

Food

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Activities: 682

Chemicals w/Activities: 134

All Chemicals: 212

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Exclude ubiquitous chemicals - View the list of ubiquitous chemicals

List of all chemical
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# Activity	Chemical Name	Part Filter by plant part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference
0	2-CARBOXYARABINITOL	Leaf	--	5.0	-0.87	Moore, B. D., Isidoro, E., Seemann, J. R. 1993. Distribution of 2-Carboxyarabinitol Among Plants. Phytochemistry 34 3: 703-707. Dept. Biochem. Univ. Nevada Reno 89557, USA.
0	24(28)-DEHYDROMAKISTERONE	Seed	--	--	--	*
0	3,3',4',5,7-PENTAHYDROXY-6-METHOXYFLAVONE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
0	3-HYDROXYTYRAMINE	Leaf	--	--	--	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
0	4',5-DIHYDROXY-3,3'-DIMETHOXY-6,7-METHYLENEDIOXYFLAVONE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
0	6-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-LUMAZINE	Leaf	--	--	--	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
0	6-PHYTYLTOLUQUINOL	Leaf	--	--	--	*
0	7-STIGMASTEROL	Leaf	--	--	--	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
19	ACETYL-CHOLINE	Leaf	--	--	--	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Allergenic * Antiamblyopic * Antidiuretic * Antiileus * Antitachycardic * Cardiodepressant Martindale's 29th Cerebrostimulant * Histaminic * Hypotensive * Miotic Martindale's 29th Myocontractant 2 uM * Myopic * Myotonic Martindale's 29th Neurotransmitter * Parasympathomimetic 0.002 mg/kg ivn rat Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. Peristaltic * Sialogogue * Spasmogenic Antidote=600 ug atropine sulfate ivn ims scu hmn * Vasodilator *
3	ALANINE	Plant	1420.0	16864.0	0.57	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Antioxidant Larson, R.A. 1987. Review Article Number 30. The Antioxidants of Higher Plants. Phytochemistry. 27: 969-978. Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Oxidant Larson, R.A. 1987. Review Article Number 30. The Antioxidants of Higher Plants. Phytochemistry. 27: 969-978.
7	ALPHA-CAROTENE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
Anticancer Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY. Anticancer (Liver) Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY. Anticancer (Lung) Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY. Anticancer (Skin) Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY. Antiproliferant 10 x beta-carotene Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY. Colorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Previtamin-A *
15	ALPHA-LINOLENIC-ACID	Leaf	--	--	--	*
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor * Antiaggregant Cunane, S. and Thompson, L. U., eds. 1995. Flaxseed in Human Nutrition. AOCS Press, Champaign IL. 384 pp. Antihypertensive * Antiinflammatory IC50=42 uM * Antileukotriene-D4 IC50=42 uM * Antimenorrhagic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Antimetastatic Cunane, S. and Thompson, L. U., eds. 1995. Flaxseed in Human Nutrition. AOCS Press, Champaign IL. 384 pp. Antiprostatitic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Hypotensive Cunane, S. and Thompson, L. U., eds. 1995. Flaxseed in Human Nutrition. AOCS Press, Champaign IL. 384 pp. Immunostimulant 0.12 ml/man/day Cunane, S. and Thompson, L. U., eds. 1995. Flaxseed in Human Nutrition. AOCS Press, Champaign IL. 384 pp. Lymphocytogenic 0.5 ug/ml Cunane, S. and Thompson, L. U., eds. 1995. Flaxseed in Human Nutrition. AOCS Press, Champaign IL. 384 pp. Propecic * Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 39.5 g/day/hmn Ferretti, A., Flanagan, V. P. 1996. Antithromboxane Activity of Dietary Alpha-linolenic Acid: A Pilot Study. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Essential Fatty Acids, 54(6): 451-455. ARS, USDA. Vasodilator *
15	ALPHA-LINOLENIC-ACID	Plant	480.0	13657.0	1.50	*
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor * Antiaggregant Cunane, S. and Thompson, L. U., eds. 1995. Flaxseed in Human Nutrition. AOCS Press, Champaign IL. 384 pp. Antihypertensive * Antiinflammatory IC50=42 uM * Antileukotriene-D4 IC50=42 uM * Antimenorrhagic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Antimetastatic Cunane, S. and Thompson, L. U., eds. 1995. Flaxseed in Human Nutrition. AOCS Press, Champaign IL. 384 pp. Antiprostatitic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Hypotensive Cunane, S. and Thompson, L. U., eds. 1995. Flaxseed in Human Nutrition. AOCS Press, Champaign IL. 384 pp. Immunostimulant 0.12 ml/man/day Cunane, S. and Thompson, L. U., eds. 1995. Flaxseed in Human Nutrition. AOCS Press, Champaign IL. 384 pp. Lymphocytogenic 0.5 ug/ml Cunane, S. and Thompson, L. U., eds. 1995. Flaxseed in Human Nutrition. AOCS Press, Champaign IL. 384 pp. Propecic * Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 39.5 g/day/hmn Ferretti, A., Flanagan, V. P. 1996. Antithromboxane Activity of Dietary Alpha-linolenic Acid: A Pilot Study. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Essential Fatty Acids, 54(6): 451-455. ARS, USDA. Vasodilator *
1	ALPHA-LIPOIC-ACID	Plant	315.0	3150.0	1.00	*
Antioxidant *
2	ALPHA-SPINASTEROL	Leaf	--	--	--	*
Antiinflammatory >Phenylbutazone * Antipyretic *
32	ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL	Leaf	12.0	419.0	0.29	*
Antialzheimeran * Antianginal * Antiarthritic * Antiasthmatic * Antiatherosclerotic Soumyanath, A. Ed. 2006. Traditional Medicines for Modern Times - Antidiabetic Plants. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. Boca Raton, FL. 314 pp. Anticancer * Anticataract * Anticonvulsant Synergen * Antidementia * Antidiabetic Soumyanath, A. Ed. 2006. Traditional Medicines for Modern Times - Antidiabetic Plants. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. Boca Raton, FL. 314 pp. Antiinfarctal Soumyanath, A. Ed. 2006. Traditional Medicines for Modern Times - Antidiabetic Plants. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. Boca Raton, FL. 314 pp. Antiinfertility * Antiischemic * Antimaculitic * Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. Antineuropathic * Antioxidant 5 x quercetin * Antioxidant IC34=10 uM * Antiparkinsonian * Antiradicular 5 x quercetin * Antiretinotic * Antirheumatic * Antistroke * Antitumor * Antitumor (Bladder) * Antitumor (Prostate) * Antitumor (Stomach) * Antitumor-Promoter * Cancer-Preventive * Cardioprotective * Circulotonic * Immunomodulator *
5	ALUMINUM	Leaf	5.0	270.0	-0.49	ACTA AGRIC SCAND SUPPL 22: 1980
Antisilicotic Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987. Antivaginitic Martindale's 28th Candidicide Martindale's 28th Encephalopathic Martindale's 29th Pesticide *
1	AMARANTHIN	Pt	--	--	--	*
Pigment Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
0	AMMONIA	Leaf	--	18280.0	1.14	*
14	ARGININE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
Antidiabetic? Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. Antiencephalopathic Martindale's 29th Antihepatitic Martindale's 29th Antihypertensive * Antiimpotence * Antiinfertility 4 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Antioxidant? * Aphrodisiac 3 g/day * Diuretic * Hypoammonemic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. NO-Genic * Pituitary-Stimulant * Spermigenic 4 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. Vasodilator *

List of all activity chemical
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# Activity	Chemical Name	Part Filter by plant part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference

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^*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.

Plant Spinacia oleracea (Chenopodiaceae)

Data Views