Melaleuca viridiflora | Plant | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

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Common name(s)

Broad-Leaf Tea-Tree, Niaouli

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Activities: 121

Chemicals w/Activities: 8

All Chemicals: 15

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List of all chemical
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# Activity	Chemical Name	Part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference
28	ALPHA-PINENE	Leaf	--	--	--	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
Allelochemic * Allergenic * Antiacne * Antibacterial * Antifeedant * Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. Antiinflammatory 500 mg/kg * Antipneumonic * Antiseptic * Antispasmodic * Antistaphylococcic * Antiviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Coleoptophile * Expectorant Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp. FLavor FEMA 15-150 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Herbicide IC50=30 uM Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. Insecticide 0.82 uM/fly * Insectifuge 50 ppm * Insectiphile J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986. Irritant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.087 uM * Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Pesticide * Sedative Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90. Spasmogenic * Tranquilizer Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90. Transdermal *
23	ALPHA-TERPINEOL	Leaf	--	--	--	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity) * Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. Allelopathic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. Antiacne * Antibacterial MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. Anticancer Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY. Anticariogenic MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. Antiinflammatory * Antiproliferant * Antiseptic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Cicatrizant ED50=240 ug/g mus * FLavor FEMA 5-40 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Insecticide 1.29 uM/fly * Interleukin-6-Inhibitor * Mosquitofuge > Deet * Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Pesticide * Sedative Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC Termiticide IC100=5 mg/g * Transdermal * Vulnerary ED50=240 ug/g mus *
24	BENZALDEHYDE	Leaf	--	--	--	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
Allergenic * Anesthetic * Antibacterial * Anticancer * Antimutagenic * Antipeptic * Antiseptic * Antispasmodic * Antitumor * Candidicide * FLavor FEMA 150-800 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Immunostimulant * Insecticide Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. Insectifuge 50 ppm J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986. Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC Narcotic Merck 11th Edition Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. Pesticide * Sedative Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC Termiticide LD100=5 mg/g * Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=820 uM * Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=87 ug/ml * Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=0.82 mM * Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=830 uM *
0	CINEOLE	Leaf	4600.0	15600.0	1.99	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
0	CINNAMIC-ACID-METHYL-ESTER	Leaf	7500.0	19500.0	--	*
53	CITRAL	Leaf	--	--	--	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
Allergenic * Antiallergenic * Antiallergic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. Antianaphylactic * Antibacterial * Anticancer * Antihelicobacter * Antiherpetic * Antihistaminic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. Antiinflammatory * Antileishmanic * Antioxidant * Antiseptic 5.2 x phenol * Antishock Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. Antispasmodic * Antitumor * Antitumor (Colon) * Antitumor (Liver) * Antitumor (Skin) * Antiulcer * Antiviral * Apoptotic * Barbituate-Synergist * Bronchorelaxant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. Calcium-Antagonist * Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Carcinogenic * Caspase-3-Inducer * Chemopreventive * Cytotoxic * Estrogenic * Expectorant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. FLavor FEMA 4-170 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Fungicide MIC 625 ug/ml * Glaucomagenic * Glutathionigenic * Herbicide IC50=115 uM Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. Myorelaxant 200 mg/kg * Nematicide MLC=100-260 ug/ml Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. Nematicide IC52=100 ug/ml Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. NF-kB-Inhibitor * NO-Inhibitor * P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=1.19 uM * Perfumery Merck 11th Edition Pesticide * Prostatitigenic 185 mg/kg/day/3 ms * Sedative ED 1-32 mg/kg Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176) Sedative 1 mg/kg * Teratogenic * Trichomonicide LD100=150 ug/ml * Trypanocide * Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=1.5 mM * Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=1,500 uM *
7	DIPENTENE	Leaf	--	--	--	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
Allergenic * Antibacterial Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. Antiviral Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. Expectorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Irritant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Pesticide * Sedative Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
0	EO	Leaf	10000.0	26000.0	1.27	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
76	EUGENOL	Leaf	--	--	--	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Acaricide LD50=5.47 ug/sq cm cf DEET at 37.59 ug/sq cm * Allergenic * Analgesic Merck 11th Edition Anesthetic 200-400 Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. Antiaggregant IC50=0.3 uM Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. Antiarachidonate * Antibacterial MBC=400 ug/ml * Antibacterial 500 ppm Valnet, J. 1982. The Practice of Aromatherapy. Translated from the 1980 French Edition by Robin Campbell and Libby Houston. Destiny Books, New York. 279 pp. Anticonvulsant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiedemic 100 Phytotherapy Research, 4: 95. Antiestrogenic * Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Antigenotoxic 50-500 mg/kg orl mus * Antiherpetic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml * Antiinflammatory (11 uM) IC~97=1,000 uM * Antikeratotic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml * Antimitotic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. Antinitrosating * Antioxidant 10 uM * Antioxidant IC65=30 ppm * Antiprostaglandin IC50=9.2 mM * Antiprostaglandin 11 uM * Antipyretic 3 ml/man/day * Antiradicular EC50=2 ul/l * Antisalmonella MIC=400 ug/ml * Antiseptic 3 ml/man/day * Antiseptic 400 ug/ml * Antispasmodic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. Antistaphylococcic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. Antithromboxane Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jul-87. AntiTNF * Antitumor Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992. Antiulcer * Antiviral IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml * Apifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Calcium-Antagonist IC50=224 uM * Calcium-Antagonist IC50=200 uM gpg * Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Candidicide Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. Carcinogenic? Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. Carminative Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. Choleretic * CNS-Depressant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. COX-1-Inhibitor IC97=1,000 uM * COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=129 uM * COX-2-Inhibitor IC>97=1,000 uM * Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor Pizzorno, J. 1998. Total Wellness. Prima Health, a division of Prima. Cytotoxic 25 ug/ml Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. Dermatitigenic * Enterorelaxant J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. FLavor FEMA 10-500 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Fungicide * Hepatoprotective 100 ppm * Herbicide * Insecticide * Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Irritant * Juvabional Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Larvicide * Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC Nematicide MLC=2,000 ug/ml Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. Neurotoxic R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Pesticide * Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 1 mM rbt Chen, S. J., Wang, M. H., Chen, I. J. 1996. Antiplatelet and Calcium Inhibitory Properties of Eugenol and Sodium Eugenol Acetate. Gen Pharmacol, 27(4): 629-633. Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor IC50=9.2 uM * Sedative * Termiticide LD100=5 mg/g * Trichomonicide LD100=300 ug/ml * Trichomonistat IC50=10 ug/ml Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. Trypsin-Enhancer Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-93. Ulcerogenic Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. Varroacide * Vasodilator * Vermifuge *
2	L-LIMONENE	Leaf	--	--	--	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC25=1.2 mM * Antiacetylcholinesterase IC27=164 ug/ml *
0	LINALOL	Leaf	--	--	--	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
0	LINALOL-MONOXIDE	Leaf	--	--	--	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
11	NEROLIDOL	Leaf	--	--	--	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor * Allergenic * Antiacne * Antibacterial MIC=25-200 ug/ml Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. Anticariogenic MIC=25-200 ug/ml Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. Antifeedant 1 mM (diet) Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. Antistreptococcic * FLavor FEMA 1-10 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Pesticide *
0	SESQUITERPENES	Leaf	--	--	--	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
0	TRANS-BETA-OCIMENE	Leaf	2000.0	5200.0	1.41	*

^*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.

Plant Melaleuca viridiflora (Myrtaceae)

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